{"title":"Current status of cytokine-induced killer cells and combination regimens in breast cancer.","authors":"Yuancong Jiang, Jie Qiu, Nanwei Ye, Yingchun Xu","doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2025.1476644","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge worldwide, with substantial efforts aimed at understanding its pathogenesis, biological characteristics, and clinical triggers. Recently, immunotherapy such as the cytokine-induced killer cells combined with other drug therapies has offered new hope for patients with advanced breast cancer. However, the specific pathogenesis of combination regimens involving cytokine-induced killer cells remains elusive. Besides, the combination of immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells might represent a novel breakthrough. This review outlines the current status of cytokine-induced killer cell therapies and their combination strategies, especially the combination of chemotherapy with molecularly targeted treatments, for the management of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12622,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Immunology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1476644"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839775/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1476644","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge worldwide, with substantial efforts aimed at understanding its pathogenesis, biological characteristics, and clinical triggers. Recently, immunotherapy such as the cytokine-induced killer cells combined with other drug therapies has offered new hope for patients with advanced breast cancer. However, the specific pathogenesis of combination regimens involving cytokine-induced killer cells remains elusive. Besides, the combination of immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells might represent a novel breakthrough. This review outlines the current status of cytokine-induced killer cell therapies and their combination strategies, especially the combination of chemotherapy with molecularly targeted treatments, for the management of breast cancer.
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Immunology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across basic, translational and clinical immunology. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
Frontiers in Immunology is the official Journal of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). Encompassing the entire field of Immunology, this journal welcomes papers that investigate basic mechanisms of immune system development and function, with a particular emphasis given to the description of the clinical and immunological phenotype of human immune disorders, and on the definition of their molecular basis.
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