Evaluation of occupational eczema and work-related risk factors in sea fishers on the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey: A cross-sectional study.

Abstract

BackgroundEczema is one of the most prevalent occupational skin diseases, with sea fishers being particularly vulnerable due to their harsh working conditions.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of occupational eczema among fishers and identify risk factors contributing to its development.MethodsA total of 119 fishers participated in this cross-sectional study, which was conducted in a single center on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Data were collected using two instruments: a "General Characteristics of Fishers Form," developed by the researchers based on relevant literature, and the Turkish version of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-Long (NOSQ-2002/Long). Univariable analysis of eczema status was performed using the chi-square test, while a multivariable binary logistic regression model assessed the factors associated with eczema.ResultsAll participants were male, with a mean age of 40.13 (±11.62) years. The median daily working time was 15 (12-16) hours, and their median experience in fishing was 17 (10-25) years. The prevalence of eczema in the last six months was 52.9% (n = 63). Significant risk factors for eczema included being under 40 years of age, being married, poor health status, and having a family member who was a fisher.ConclusionThis study highlights the high prevalence of eczema among sea fishers and identifies work-related risk factors that contribute to its development. Future large-scale studies are recommended, along with preventive interventions to raise awareness and reduce the occurrence of occupational eczema.