Interferons in myositis: Pathogenesis and therapy

Q4 Immunology and Microbiology
Nozomu Tawara
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), or myositis, are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases affecting skeletal muscle and other organs. Recent research has revealed the important role of interferons (IFNs) in the pathogenesis of IIMs. This review summarizes the three types of IFNs and their functions in the immune system, focusing on their association with different IIM subtypes. Dermatomyositis (DM) is strongly associated with Type I IFNs. In contrast, inclusion body myositis (IBM), polymyositis with mitochondrial pathology (PM-mito), and anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS) are predominantly associated with Type II IFN. This review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations and their impact on muscle function. In addition, the potential of the IFN signaling pathway as a therapeutic target for IIMs will be discussed. Several clinical trials are currently underway or planned that target the IFN pathway using JAK inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies against Type I IFNs. JAK inhibitors have shown promise in treating DM, particularly in refractory cases. However, more research is needed to fully understand their efficacy and safety profiles in IIMs. The review concludes by highlighting the importance of ongoing research in this area and the potential for new targeted therapies in treating IIMs.

肌炎中的干扰素:发病机制和治疗
特发性炎症性肌病(IIMs)或肌炎是一种影响骨骼肌和其他器官的异质自身免疫性疾病。最近的研究揭示了干扰素(IFNs)在IIMs发病机制中的重要作用。本文综述了ifn的三种类型及其在免疫系统中的功能,重点介绍了它们与不同IIM亚型的关系。皮肌炎(DM)与I型ifn密切相关。相反,包涵体肌炎(IBM)、线粒体病理多发性肌炎(PM-mito)和抗合成酶综合征(ASyS)主要与II型IFN相关。这篇综述探讨了这些关联的分子机制及其对肌肉功能的影响。此外,将讨论IFN信号通路作为IIMs治疗靶点的潜力。目前正在进行或计划进行一些临床试验,使用JAK抑制剂和针对I型IFN的单克隆抗体靶向IFN通路。JAK抑制剂在治疗糖尿病,特别是难治性病例方面显示出前景。然而,需要更多的研究来充分了解它们在iim中的疗效和安全性。综述最后强调了该领域正在进行的研究的重要性以及治疗IIMs的新靶向疗法的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology
Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
52
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