The Impact of Virtual Consultations on Quality of Care for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 4.1 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Reham Aldakhil, Geva Greenfield, Elena Lammila-Escalera, Liliana Laranjo, Benedict W J Hayhoe, Azeem Majeed, Ana Luísa Neves
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Abstract

Background: Virtual consultations (VC) have transformed healthcare delivery, offering a convenient and effective way to manage chronic conditions such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of VC on the quality of care provided to patients with T2D, mapping it across the six domains of the US National Academy of Medicine (NAM) quality-of-care framework (ie, effectiveness, efficiency, patient-centeredness, timeliness, safety, and equity).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science for the period between January 2010 and December 2024. Eligible studies involved adult T2D patients, evaluated synchronous VCs, and reported outcomes relevant to NAM quality domains. Two independent reviewers performed screening, and studies were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A narrative synthesis was conducted for each quality domain, and a meta-analysis of HbA1c levels was performed using random-effects models.

Results: In total, 15 studies involving 821 014 participants were included. VCs were comparable with face-to-face care in effectiveness, efficiency, patient-centeredness, and timeliness, with improvements in accessibility and patient satisfaction. Mixed results were found for safety due to limitations in physical assessments, and for equity, with older adults and those with lower digital literacy facing more challenges. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in HbA1c reduction between VCs and face-to-face (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.71 to 0.09, P = 0.12).

Conclusion: VCs offer a promising alternative to in-person care, but addressing digital disparities and improving access for older adults are essential for maximizing VC potential.

虚拟会诊对2型糖尿病患者护理质量的影响:一项系统回顾和荟萃分析
背景:虚拟会诊(VC)已经改变了医疗保健服务,为管理2型糖尿病(T2D)等慢性疾病提供了一种方便有效的方法。本系统综述和荟萃分析评估了VC对T2D患者护理质量的影响,将其映射到美国国家医学院(NAM)护理质量框架的六个领域(即有效性、效率、以患者为中心、及时性、安全性和公平性)。方法:系统检索PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane、Embase、CINAHL和Web of Science,检索时间为2010年1月至2024年12月。符合条件的研究涉及成人T2D患者,评估同步VCs,并报告与NAM质量域相关的结果。两名独立审稿人进行筛选,并使用混合方法评估工具(MMAT)对研究进行评估。对每个质量域进行叙事综合,并使用随机效应模型对HbA1c水平进行meta分析。结果:共纳入15项研究,涉及821014名受试者。风险投资在有效性、效率、以患者为中心和及时性方面与面对面护理相当,在可及性和患者满意度方面均有改善。由于身体评估的限制,安全性和公平性方面的结果喜忧参半,老年人和数字素养较低的人面临更多挑战。meta分析显示VCs与面对面治疗的HbA1c降低无显著差异(标准化平均差异[SMD] = -0.31, 95%可信区间[CI]: -0.71 ~ 0.09, P = 0.12)。结论:创投为面对面护理提供了一个有希望的替代方案,但解决数字差距和改善老年人的获取途径对于最大限度地发挥创投潜力至关重要。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Medicine-Internal Medicine
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
12.00%
发文量
148
期刊介绍: The Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology (JDST) is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Diabetes Technology Society. JDST covers scientific and clinical aspects of diabetes technology including glucose monitoring, insulin and metabolic peptide delivery, the artificial pancreas, digital health, precision medicine, social media, cybersecurity, software for modeling, physiologic monitoring, technology for managing obesity, and diagnostic tests of glycation. The journal also covers the development and use of mobile applications and wireless communication, as well as bioengineered tools such as MEMS, new biomaterials, and nanotechnology to develop new sensors. Articles in JDST cover both basic research and clinical applications of technologies being developed to help people with diabetes.
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