Artificial Intelligence for Diabetic Foot Screening Based on Digital Image Analysis: A Systematic Review.

IF 4.1 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Ni Kadek Indah Sunar Anggreni, Heri Kristianto, Dian Handayani, Yuyun Yueniwati, Paulus Lucky Tirma Irawan, Rulli Rosandi, Rinik Eko Kapti, Avief Destian Purnama
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Abstract

Introduction: Early detection of diabetic foot complications is essential for effective management and prevention of complications. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology based on digital image analysis offers a promising noninvasive method for diabetic foot screening. This systematic review aims to identify a study on the development of an AI model for diabetic foot screening using digital image analysis.

Methodology: The review scrutinized articles published between 2018 and 2023, sourced from PubMed, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect. The keyword-based search resulted in 2214 relevant articles and nine articles that met the inclusion criteria. The article quality assessment was done through Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS). Data were extracted and analyzed using NVivo.

Results: Thermal imagery or foot thermogram was the main data source, with plantar temperature distribution patterns as an important indicator. Deep learning methods, specifically artificial neural networks (ANNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are the most commonly used methods. The highest performance is demonstrated by the ANN model with MATLAB's Image Processing Toolbox that is able to classify each type of macula with 97.5% accuracy. The findings show the great potential of AI in improving the accuracy and efficiency of diabetic foot screening.

Conclusion: This research provides important insights into the development of AI in digital image-based diabetic foot screening. Future studies need to focus on evaluating clinical applicability, including ethical aspects and patient data security, as well as developing more comprehensive data sets.

基于数字图像分析的糖尿病足筛查人工智能系统综述
导读:早期发现糖尿病足并发症对于有效管理和预防并发症至关重要。基于数字图像分析的人工智能(AI)技术为糖尿病足筛查提供了一种很有前途的无创方法。这篇系统综述的目的是确定一项利用数字图像分析进行糖尿病足筛查的AI模型的开发研究。方法:该综述仔细审查了2018年至2023年间发表的文章,来源包括PubMed、ProQuest和ScienceDirect。基于关键词的搜索结果为2214篇相关文章和9篇符合纳入标准的文章。通过诊断准确性研究质量评估(QUADAS)进行文章质量评估。使用NVivo软件对数据进行提取和分析。结果:热像图或足部热像图是主要的数据来源,足底温度分布规律是重要的指标。深度学习方法,特别是人工神经网络(ann)和卷积神经网络(cnn),是最常用的方法。采用MATLAB图像处理工具箱的人工神经网络模型显示了最高的性能,能够以97.5%的准确率对每种类型的黄斑进行分类。研究结果表明,人工智能在提高糖尿病足筛查的准确性和效率方面具有巨大潜力。结论:本研究为人工智能在基于数字图像的糖尿病足筛查中的发展提供了重要见解。未来的研究需要侧重于评估临床适用性,包括伦理方面和患者数据安全,以及开发更全面的数据集。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Medicine-Internal Medicine
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
12.00%
发文量
148
期刊介绍: The Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology (JDST) is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Diabetes Technology Society. JDST covers scientific and clinical aspects of diabetes technology including glucose monitoring, insulin and metabolic peptide delivery, the artificial pancreas, digital health, precision medicine, social media, cybersecurity, software for modeling, physiologic monitoring, technology for managing obesity, and diagnostic tests of glycation. The journal also covers the development and use of mobile applications and wireless communication, as well as bioengineered tools such as MEMS, new biomaterials, and nanotechnology to develop new sensors. Articles in JDST cover both basic research and clinical applications of technologies being developed to help people with diabetes.
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