Olabisi Sanusi, Richard U Kalu, James Obayashi, Nathan Beird, Theresa Williamson, Mathew Geltzeiler, Brian V Nahed, Maria I Rodriguez
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Abstract
Background and objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education implemented a minimum of 6 weeks parental leave for residents in July 2022. The implementation and impact have not previously been studied in neurosurgery. Our primary study objectives were to determine whether an institution had a parental leave policy and quantify the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and total parental leave (TPL) time taken by neurosurgeons.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey (August 2023 to December 2023) of neurosurgeons (residents and faculty) in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited programs. We elicited demographic information, experience with parental leave, and career satisfaction. Association between continuous variables was evaluated using Pearson's correlation. Data distribution was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilks test. Central tendency comparison was performed using one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, or Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: There were 147 anonymous survey respondents (response rate 15.7%), with an average age of 41 years. The majority (72.2% and 73%) were female and married. The mean age of first pregnancy was 32 years. On average, female residents and faculty took more TPL (7.7 weeks vs 9.0 weeks) and FMLA (6.0 weeks vs 6.8 weeks) than men (resident TPL:2.0 weeks, FMLA: 1.5 weeks. faculty TPL: 2.1 weeks, FMLA: 1.6 weeks). There was a significant difference between how much parental leave leadership believe residents have vs amount of FMLA (P-value = .004) and TPL (P-value = .001) residents took. There was a correlation between age and the amount of TPL (Pearson's R -0.307, P-value = .009).
Conclusion: Our survey demonstrates that neurosurgeons, in general, took less than the minimum suggested leave. Departmental leadership perceived that residents took more leave than they reported. This study highlights an opportunity to increase support for parental leave among neurosurgeons.
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