Electrical Properties of Alkaline Earth Sulfides and Implications for the Interior of Mercury

IF 3.9 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Anne Pommier, Michael J. Tauber, Christian Renggli, Christopher Davies, Alfred Wilson
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Abstract

Alkaline earth sulfides are possibly abundant in the mantle of Mercury, and knowledge of their melting and transport properties is needed to investigate the structure of the planet. We report electrical experiments at pressures in the range 2–5 GPa and at temperatures up to ∼2,400 K on proposed analogs of natural sulfides, that is, Ca1-xMgxS with minor impurities. Electrical conductivity increases nonuniformly with temperature with no systematic dependence on cation composition. At relatively low temperatures (near 1,100 K), the conductivities span a wide range, whereas at higher temperatures the values converge within ∼0.5–7 S/m at 1,800 K and 5 GPa. The conductivity trends are complex, and likely reflect contributions from divalent cations, alkali metal and carbon impurities, which would similarly contribute to the conductivity of Mercury's crust and mantle. Melting is identified by a sharp increase in conductivity between ∼1,850 and 2,100 K at 5 GPa. These transition temperatures are consistent with the presence of impurities. Using electrical studies on relevant silicate minerals and petrological observations, we developed electrical conductivity-depth profiles of Mercury's silicate portion. Depending on the interconnectivity of the sulfide phase, the conductivity at the base of the mantle containing 8 vol.% sulfide ranges from ∼0.2 to >8 S/m. Our results can be tested with future observations from the ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission.

碱土硫化物的电学性质及其对汞内部的启示
碱土硫化物可能在水星的地幔中大量存在,了解它们的熔化和运输特性是研究水星结构所必需的。我们报道了在2-5 GPa的压力和高达~ 2400 K的温度下对天然硫化物的类似物(即含少量杂质的Ca1-xMgxS)进行的电实验。电导率随温度的增加不均匀,与阳离子组成没有系统的依赖关系。在相对较低的温度下(接近1100 K),电导率的范围很广,而在较高的温度下,在1800 K和5 GPa下,电导率的值收敛在~ 0.5-7 S/m。电导率趋势是复杂的,可能反映了二价阳离子、碱金属和碳杂质的贡献,这也同样有助于水星地壳和地幔的电导率。在5gpa下,电导率在~ 1,850和2,100 K之间急剧增加,从而确定了熔化。这些转变温度与杂质的存在是一致的。通过对相关硅酸盐矿物的电性研究和岩石学观察,我们建立了汞硅酸盐部分的电导率-深度剖面。根据硫化物相的连通性,含8vol .%硫化物的地幔底部的电导率在~ 0.2到>; 8s /m之间。我们的结果可以通过ESA-JAXA BepiColombo任务的未来观测来验证。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
27.10%
发文量
254
期刊介绍: The Journal of Geophysical Research Planets is dedicated to the publication of new and original research in the broad field of planetary science. Manuscripts concerning planetary geology, geophysics, geochemistry, atmospheres, and dynamics are appropriate for the journal when they increase knowledge about the processes that affect Solar System objects. Manuscripts concerning other planetary systems, exoplanets or Earth are welcome when presented in a comparative planetology perspective. Studies in the field of astrobiology will be considered when they have immediate consequences for the interpretation of planetary data. JGR: Planets does not publish manuscripts that deal with future missions and instrumentation, nor those that are primarily of an engineering interest. Instrument, calibration or data processing papers may be appropriate for the journal, but only when accompanied by scientific analysis and interpretation that increases understanding of the studied object. A manuscript that describes a new method or technique would be acceptable for JGR: Planets if it contained new and relevant scientific results obtained using the method. Review articles are generally not appropriate for JGR: Planets, but they may be considered if they form an integral part of a special issue.
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