Highly Efficient Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibreast Cancer (Invasive Ductal Carcinoma) of New Chalcone Based Compound and Its Nanohybrid With Silver Nanoparticles

Abstract

In this work, indole-3-carboxaldehyde is used as a synthon to prepare chalcone-based Schiff base. The reaction includes the treatment of indole-3-carboxaldehyde with 1-(4-amino-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone to afford ES1, which reacts with paramethylthiobenzaldehyde to give ES2 with high yield (>95%). The product is characterized by FTIR, CHN, melting point, and ¹H NMR. The compound ES2 is decorated on the silver nanoparticles to give a nanoproduct named as Ag NPs-ES. The presented nanocomposite is characterized by XRD and TEM, and the results prove that the product is highly pure and formed as quasisphere nanoparticles within the range of 20–51 nm. The nanoproduct is used for the treatment of breast cancer cell lines (in vitro) that consist of 77% of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 10% of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and 2% of tubular carcinoma, in addition to 11% of invasive papillary, medullary carcinoma. The results demonstrate that the nanoproduct is able to give only 2% of cancer cell viability with IC₅₀ equal to 1.726 mg/ml with no toxicity on the normal human cell line (HDFn).