Utilization of Nickel-Modified Natural Zeolite in Catalytic Structural Reforming of Iraqi Naphtha

Abstract

This research focuses on the utilization of abundant natural mineral resources in Iraq to prepare both unmodified natural zeolite and nickel-modified zeolite. These zeolites are employed in the catalytic thermal structural reforming process of naphtha distillates (35–200 °C) under initial temperature conditions (100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 °C) using a constant catalyst ratio. The zeolites, prepared in two forms, 1% by weight, and with a reaction time of 1 h, are first tested to determine the optimal temperature. Subsequently, the catalyst ratio and reaction time are adjusted based on the initial conditions for each catalyst, to establish the optimum conditions for unmodified zeolite at a temperature of 350 °C, a catalyst ratio of 3%, and a reaction time of 3 h. For nickel-modified zeolite, the optimal conditions are found to be a temperature of 300 °C, a catalyst ratio of 3%, and a reaction time of 3 h. The catalysts exhibited the ability to form rings and facilitate hydrogenation reactions, resulting in the preparation of aromatic compounds that reach threefold their original concentration. Specifically, the concentration increases from 7.1% to 23.61% in the nickel-modified catalyst.