The effect of breast milk and other odor interventions applied during venous procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit on the pain and comfort level of premature neonate: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Neonatal Nursing Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jnn.2025.101625

Tugce Kolukisa , Nursan Cinar , Ayse Eroglu , Ozge Karakaya Suzan , Rukiye Sengun , Murat Bektas

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of breast milk and other scent interventions applied during venous procedures in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on premature babies’ pain and comfort levels.

Materials and methods

This review [PROSPERO:CRD42024547970] searched eight (8) databases (Cochrane, PubMed, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, TR Index, CINAHL). A search strategy specific to each database was created by using the keywords of published studies on the subject. In general, the words ((Comfort OR Pain) AND (Preterm) AND (“neonatal intensive care unit” OR NICU) AND (venipuncture OR bloodletting OR catheter OR cannula)) were used. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome(s) of interest, and Study design (PICOS framework) and studies published between 2014 and 2024 that met the inclusion criteria have been examined by researchers between the dates May 01, 2024 and July 01, 2024. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA). For comparison of binary data, odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) was calculated. For continuous data, mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval was estimated. OR was used to calculate the joint effect. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

As a result of the searches made with the search strategy, a total of 214 studies were reached. Of these studies, 17 were removed as a result of duplication and 188 were removed as a result of title and abstract reviews. The full texts of the remaining nine studies were examined and two studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Among these, one study was eliminated because the comparison was not appropriate because each infant had its own control, and one study was eliminated because the results were not appropriate. A total of seven researchers were found to meet the involvement criteria and were included in this meta-analysis study. It was found that breast milk and other odors interventions had a large effect on reducing the pain scores of premature babies, and the effect size of all studies except one study included in the meta-analysis was statistically significant. Subgroup analysis according to odor types revealed that breast milk odor and other odors were effective interventions in reducing pain reactivity. There was not enough evidence to state that odor interventions had a positive effect on the comfort levels of newborns.

Conclusion

There is a need for studies with a high level of evidence examining the effects of odor interventions on the comfort level of premature babies.

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在新生儿重症监护病房静脉手术中应用母乳和其他气味干预对早产儿疼痛和舒适度的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析

目的本研究旨在通过系统回顾和荟萃分析来确定在新生儿重症监护病房静脉手术中使用母乳和其他气味干预对早产儿疼痛和舒适水平的影响。材料与方法本综述[PROSPERO:CRD42024547970]检索了8个数据库（Cochrane、PubMed、EBSCO、ScienceDirect、Web of Science、Scopus、TR Index、CINAHL）。通过使用已发表的有关该主题的研究的关键字，为每个数据库创建了特定的搜索策略。一般来说，使用的词是（舒适或疼痛）和（早产）和（“新生儿重症监护病房”或NICU）和（静脉穿刺或放血或导管或套管）。研究人员在2024年5月1日至2024年7月1日期间检查了2014年至2024年间发表的符合纳入标准的人群、干预、比较、感兴趣的结果和研究设计（PICOS框架）。采用综合meta分析（CMA）对数据进行分析。对于二元数据的比较，计算优势比（OR）（95% CI）。对于连续数据，估计95%置信区间的均值差（MD）。采用OR计算关节效应。p <的值；0.05认为有统计学意义。结果使用检索策略进行检索后，共检索到214项研究。在这些研究中，17项因重复而被删除，188项因标题和摘要评论而被删除。对其余9项研究的全文进行了检查，排除了2项不符合纳入标准的研究。其中，有一项研究因为每个婴儿都有自己的对照，比较不合适而被淘汰，有一项研究因为结果不合适而被淘汰。共有7名研究人员符合介入标准，并被纳入本荟萃分析研究。研究发现，母乳和其他气味干预对降低早产儿疼痛评分有较大影响，除meta分析中纳入的一项研究外，其他研究的效应量均具有统计学意义。根据气味类型的亚组分析显示，母乳气味和其他气味是减轻疼痛反应的有效干预措施。没有足够的证据表明气味干预对新生儿的舒适度有积极的影响。结论气味干预对早产儿舒适度影响的研究需要高水平的证据支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Neonatal Nursing Nursing-Pediatrics

CiteScore

2.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

143

期刊介绍： Aims & Scope: This is the practical, bimonthly, research-based journal for all professionals concerned with the care of neonates and their families, both in hospital and the community. It aims to support the development of the essential practice, management, education and health promotion skills required by these professionals. The JNN will provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and information between the range of professionals working in this field; promote cooperation between these professionals; facilitate partnership care with families; provide information and informed opinion; promote innovation and change in the care of neonates and their families; and provide an education resource for this important rapidly developing field.