Neuroimaging Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder: Structural and Functional Brain.

IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Health Psychology Research Pub Date : 2024-09-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.52965/001c.123439
Mahie Patil, Nofel Iftikhar, Latha Ganti
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition that affects social communication, behavior, and interests. This review analyzes recent brain imaging studies to understand the biological basis of ASD. Studies using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) show that people with ASD often have less gray matter in key brain areas like the amygdala and superior temporal sulcus. There are also concerns with white matter connections in the brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)studies show reduced connectivity within critical brain networks and irregular activation patterns when processing social information. Intervention studies suggest that targeted training can improve brain function related to social skills. Postmortem research reveals cellular and synaptic changes, such as fewer Purkinje cells and altered neuron organization. These findings highlight the importance of studying the social brain network in ASD and suggest the need for more long-term, comprehensive studies. This review is intended to contribute to the development of advanced diagnostic tools and therapies that will ultimately enhance the quality of life for individuals with ASD.

自闭症谱系障碍的神经影像学洞察:结构和功能脑。
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种影响社会沟通、行为和兴趣的疾病。本文对近年来的脑成像研究进行分析,以了解ASD的生物学基础。使用结构磁共振成像(sMRI)的研究表明,患有自闭症谱系障碍的人通常在杏仁核和颞上沟等关键大脑区域的灰质较少。还有人担心大脑中的白质连接。功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)研究表明,在处理社会信息时,大脑关键网络的连通性降低,激活模式不规则。干预研究表明,有针对性的训练可以改善与社交技能相关的大脑功能。死后的研究揭示了细胞和突触的变化,比如浦肯野细胞的减少和神经元组织的改变。这些发现强调了研究自闭症谱系障碍患者的社会大脑网络的重要性,并表明需要进行更长期、更全面的研究。本综述旨在促进先进诊断工具和治疗方法的发展,最终提高ASD患者的生活质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Health Psychology Research
Health Psychology Research PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
63
审稿时长
15 weeks
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