Influence of blood feeding and infection on arthropod hemocytes

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI:10.1016/j.cois.2025.101341

George-Rafael Samantsidis , Shahid Karim , Ryan C Smith

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Blood feeding provides essential nutrients for development and reproduction in hematophagous arthropods yet also initiates significant other physiological alterations in immune function. Immune cells, or hemocytes, are integral components of the arthropod innate immune system with notable roles in defining vector competence. Evidence suggests that both blood feeding and infection drive substantial changes in hemocyte phenotypes, including proliferation, immune activation, and differentiation, which directly and indirectly influence pathogen infection outcomes. These dynamics have fueled extensive research into hemocyte biology in recent years, which aided by emerging single-cell technologies and methods of phagocyte depletion, have provided novel molecular insights into hemocyte populations and additional support for their important contributions to parasite, virus, and bacterial infections. Despite this progress, many aspects of arthropod immune cell biology remain unclear. Focusing on mosquitoes and ticks as two of the most prominent and well-studied arthropod vectors, this review summarizes the effects of blood feeding and infection on mosquito and tick hemocytes, highlighting hemocyte classifications, and the known mechanisms by which hemocytes can have positive or negative impacts on vector-borne pathogen infection.

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血喂养和感染对节肢动物血细胞的影响。

吸血为食血节肢动物的发育和繁殖提供了必需的营养，但也引发了免疫功能的其他重要生理改变。免疫细胞或血细胞是节肢动物先天免疫系统的组成部分，在确定载体能力方面起着重要作用。有证据表明，供血和感染都会导致血细胞表型的实质性变化，包括增殖、免疫激活和分化，这些变化直接或间接地影响病原体感染的结果。近年来，在新兴的单细胞技术和吞噬细胞耗竭方法的帮助下，这些动态推动了对血细胞生物学的广泛研究，为血细胞群体提供了新的分子见解，并为它们对寄生虫、病毒和细菌感染的重要贡献提供了额外的支持。尽管取得了这些进展，节肢动物免疫细胞生物学的许多方面仍不清楚。本文以蚊虫和蜱虫这两种最重要且研究最充分的节肢动物媒介为重点，综述了吸血和感染对蚊虫和蜱虫血细胞的影响，重点介绍了血细胞的分类，以及血细胞对媒介传播的病原体感染产生积极或消极影响的已知机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current opinion in insect science BIOLOGYECOLOGYENTOMOLOGY-ECOLOGY

CiteScore

10.40

自引率

1.90%

发文量

113

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Insect Science is a new systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up–to–date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of Insect Science. As this is such a broad discipline, we have determined themed sections each of which is reviewed once a year. The following 11 areas are covered by Current Opinion in Insect Science. -Ecology -Insect genomics -Global Change Biology -Molecular Physiology (Including Immunity) -Pests and Resistance -Parasites, Parasitoids and Biological Control -Behavioural Ecology -Development and Regulation -Social Insects -Neuroscience -Vectors and Medical and Veterinary Entomology There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field. Section Editors, who are major authorities in their area, are appointed by the Editors of the journal. They divide their section into a number of topics, ensuring that the field is comprehensively covered and that all issues of current importance are emphasized. Section Editors commission articles from leading scientists on each topic that they have selected and the commissioned authors write short review articles in which they present recent developments in their subject, emphasizing the aspects that, in their opinion, are most important. In addition, they provide short annotations to the papers that they consider to be most interesting from all those published in their topic over the previous year.