{"title":"Brighter Nights, safer cities? Exploring spatial link between VIIRS nightlight and urban crime risk","authors":"Subham Roy, Indrajit Roy Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.rsase.2025.101489","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban safety is critical for sustainable cities, especially in emerging countries such as India, where growing crime endangers community well-being and economic stability. This research examines the geographical association between nighttime light (NTL) intensity and urban property crime, namely theft and burglary in Siliguri City, India. This research seeks to answer the question: <em>Do well-illuminated areas experience lower property crime incidents compared to poorly-lit neighbourhoods?</em> The research uses NASA's Suomi NPP-VIIRS nightlight data from 2021 to 2023 to examine spatial patterns and relationships between NTL and urban crime, using spatial analytic methods. Furthermore, a Negative Binomial Regression Model (NBRM) confirms the hypothesis that areas with low NTL are more vulnerable to crime. The findings indicate a substantial negative association between NTL and urban crime, with brighter locations seeing lower crime rates. Northern neighbourhoods of the city with poor NTL had increased crime incidents, demonstrating vulnerability. Empirical evidence reveals that a one-unit increase in NTL intensity decreased larceny by 14.8% and burglary by 24.3%. Improved model performance, as shown in R<sup>2</sup>, AIC, and BIC, emphasizes the significance of NTL in crime reduction. The results emphasize the need for strategic investments in lighting infrastructure as a key instrument for urban safety and policymaking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53227,"journal":{"name":"Remote Sensing Applications-Society and Environment","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Remote Sensing Applications-Society and Environment","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352938525000424","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Urban safety is critical for sustainable cities, especially in emerging countries such as India, where growing crime endangers community well-being and economic stability. This research examines the geographical association between nighttime light (NTL) intensity and urban property crime, namely theft and burglary in Siliguri City, India. This research seeks to answer the question: Do well-illuminated areas experience lower property crime incidents compared to poorly-lit neighbourhoods? The research uses NASA's Suomi NPP-VIIRS nightlight data from 2021 to 2023 to examine spatial patterns and relationships between NTL and urban crime, using spatial analytic methods. Furthermore, a Negative Binomial Regression Model (NBRM) confirms the hypothesis that areas with low NTL are more vulnerable to crime. The findings indicate a substantial negative association between NTL and urban crime, with brighter locations seeing lower crime rates. Northern neighbourhoods of the city with poor NTL had increased crime incidents, demonstrating vulnerability. Empirical evidence reveals that a one-unit increase in NTL intensity decreased larceny by 14.8% and burglary by 24.3%. Improved model performance, as shown in R2, AIC, and BIC, emphasizes the significance of NTL in crime reduction. The results emphasize the need for strategic investments in lighting infrastructure as a key instrument for urban safety and policymaking.
期刊介绍:
The journal ''Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment'' (RSASE) focuses on remote sensing studies that address specific topics with an emphasis on environmental and societal issues - regional / local studies with global significance. Subjects are encouraged to have an interdisciplinary approach and include, but are not limited by: " -Global and climate change studies addressing the impact of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, CO2 emission, carbon balance and carbon mitigation, energy system on social and environmental systems -Ecological and environmental issues including biodiversity, ecosystem dynamics, land degradation, atmospheric and water pollution, urban footprint, ecosystem management and natural hazards (e.g. earthquakes, typhoons, floods, landslides) -Natural resource studies including land-use in general, biomass estimation, forests, agricultural land, plantation, soils, coral reefs, wetland and water resources -Agriculture, food production systems and food security outcomes -Socio-economic issues including urban systems, urban growth, public health, epidemics, land-use transition and land use conflicts -Oceanography and coastal zone studies, including sea level rise projections, coastlines changes and the ocean-land interface -Regional challenges for remote sensing application techniques, monitoring and analysis, such as cloud screening and atmospheric correction for tropical regions -Interdisciplinary studies combining remote sensing, household survey data, field measurements and models to address environmental, societal and sustainability issues -Quantitative and qualitative analysis that documents the impact of using remote sensing studies in social, political, environmental or economic systems