Breaking patterns: Multiple spleens and the absent right kidney—A rare and unique case report in a 33-year-old burn victim

Abstract

Polysplenia is a congenital condition characterized by the presence of multiple small accessory spleens with absent of primary spleen. While polysplenia may occur in isolation or may be present as part of Polysplenia syndrome. This report presents an extraordinary case of polysplenia in a 33-year-old male who died due to severe burns, and an autopsy was performed. During the medicolegal autopsy, internal examination showed three spleen-like structures without a primary spleen, along with the absence of the kidney on the right side. Despite these anomalies, blood investigations that were conducted during treatment revealed normal organ function. The deceased had no history of a major illness or surgery. This rare combination in adults has never been reported in the literature. This unique case contributes to the complexity of polysplenia syndrome and challenges conventional diagnostic expectations. This particular case doesn't fit to polysplenia syndrome. This condition may predispose individuals to increased health risks, such as infections or renal complications, emphasizing the importance of thorough medical evaluation and follow-up. This case underlines the significance of imaging studies and physical examinations in identifying congenital anomalies that might remain asymptomatic but could have future clinical implications.