Analysis of Solar Panel Power Investigation using Fixed Axis, Single Axis and Dual Axis Solar Tracker

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of PV panels using three configurations: a fixed, a single-axis, and a dual-axis tracker, all controlled by an Arduino UNO system. The primary aim is to find whether a stationary PV panel or a solar energy tracker yields better power output. The study is partitioned into 2 key stages: practical and software implementation. In the experimental stage, four LDRs are utilized to track sunlight. Based on the solar detection, 2 servo motors adjust the coordination of the solar panel. For the software component, the Arduino IDE is utilized to write a program that interprets signals from the LDRs and sends commands to the motors, ensuring optimal positioning of the panel. The solar tracking system’s performance was contrasted with that of a stationary panel. Results presented that the solar energy tracker significantly outperforms the fixed set up, delivering higher power output. As a result, it has been demonstrated that the solar tracker is more successful at maximizing solar radiation, improving overall energy production. The maximum average solar tracking efficiency obtained from the dual axis set up is 35.5% where it is 33.23% for the single axis rotation set up.