Interventions to Reduce Food and Nutrition Insecurity Among Dental Students.

Abstract

Purpose/objective: The prevalence of food insecurity (FI) on university campuses is increasing. This study explored the prevalence of food and nutrition insecurity (NI) among dental students and barriers and interventions to address them.

Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted. Validated tools were used to assess FI and NI. Univariate binary logistic regressions and a multivariable logistic regression model identified factors independently associated with FI.

Results: The response rate was 11.9% (n = 67). The mean age was 28.4 years; 67% were D1/D2 students; 53.7% were female, 15.2% identified as Hispanic, and 50.7% as White. Forty percent experienced FI; 24.2% had low nutrition security (NS), and 26.9% reported partial or full responsibility for others' living expenses. Twenty-four percent were married, 25.8% used a food pantry; 11.1% had unsuccessfully applied for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits. In the adjusted model, low NS, nonmarried status, and food pantry use increased the likelihood of FI (odds ratios of 16.854, 10.182, and 9.123, respectively). Common barriers and potential interventions to address FI and NI were explored.

Conclusions: The prevalence of FI in this sample was greater than the national average. Those who were unmarried, had low NS, and used a food pantry were significantly more likely to have FI. Proposed interventions include student services enhancements and curriculum modifications on nutrition and wellness. Further research is necessary with a larger sample to understand factors contributing to NI and FI among dental students.