{"title":"On moment functionals with signed representing measures","authors":"Konrad Schmüdgen","doi":"10.1016/j.exmath.2025.125657","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suppose that <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> is a finitely generated commutative unital real algebra and <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> is a closed subset of the set <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>ˆ</mo></mrow></mover></math></span> of characters of <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span>. We study the following problem: When is <em>each</em> linear functional <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> an integral with respect to some signed Radon measure on <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>ˆ</mo></mrow></mover></math></span> supported by the set <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span>? A complete characterization of these sets <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> and algebras <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> by necessary and sufficient conditions is given. The result is applied to the polynomial algebra <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mrow><mo>[</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo>]</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and subsets <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50458,"journal":{"name":"Expositiones Mathematicae","volume":"43 3","pages":"Article 125657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Expositiones Mathematicae","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S072308692500012X","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Suppose that is a finitely generated commutative unital real algebra and is a closed subset of the set of characters of . We study the following problem: When is each linear functional an integral with respect to some signed Radon measure on supported by the set ? A complete characterization of these sets and algebras by necessary and sufficient conditions is given. The result is applied to the polynomial algebra and subsets of .
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