Comparing the efficacy of two E-learning programs on physiotherapists' knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in musculoskeletal pain management: A randomized trial

Abstract

Background

Physiotherapists play a crucial role in managing patients with musculoskeletal pain. However, their training often lacks focus on pain management.

Objectives

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of two e-learning programs on physiotherapists’ knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in musculoskeletal pain management.

Methods

Eligible participants had active professional registration, treated patients with musculoskeletal pain, and had internet access. Participants were randomized into two groups (video-based and booklet-based), with interventions lasting 5 weeks. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 weeks (T1), and 12 weeks (T2) using the Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire, a pain attitude survey, and self-reported confidence.

Results

A total of 211 physiotherapists were randomized (video = 106; booklet = 105). Both groups improved pain neurophysiology knowledge, with the booklet group scoring higher at T1 (adjusted mean difference = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.93 to 1.58) and T2 (adjusted mean difference = 1.30, 95%CI = 0.97 to 1.63). Attitudes varied: the booklet group improved in emotion (adjusted mean difference = −0.19, 95%CI = −0.35 to −0.03) and control (adjusted mean difference = −0.20, 95%CI = −0.37 to −0.03) at T2, while the video group improved in solicitude (adjusted mean difference = −0.37, 95% CI: 0.55 to −0.19) and disability at T1 and T2. No significant effects were found in the medical cure domain, and no interaction effects were observed in the physical harm domain. Confidence increased in both groups, with no between-group differences.

Conclusion

Both e-learning programs effectively enhanced physiotherapists’ knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in musculoskeletal pain management, demonstrating the value of e-learning for continuing education.