Observation of ultraslow optical solitons and vortex solitons in a room-temperature atomic gas via electromagnetically induced transparency

IF 5.6 1区数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Chaos Solitons & Fractals Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI:10.1016/j.chaos.2025.116058

Hongqiao Zhang, Zhaohui Li, Yurong Wang, Chao Hang, Guang Wu

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Abstract

We report an experimental observation on the ultraslow optical solitons (USOSs) and vortex solitons (VSs) in a room-temperature, highly resonant atomic system via the electromagnetically-induced transparency. We show that when the input power of a probe laser exceeds a threshold, the probe beam can form USOSs and VSs, whose wave shapes are nearly invariant during propagation due to the exact balance between the transversal diffraction and self-focusing Kerr nonlinearity. We also show that optical solitons and VSs have an ultraslow propagation velocity of 10−5c (with c the speed of light in vacuum) and can be generated at a low light power of several microwatts. In addition, we provide theoretical analysis and carry out direct simulations, which agree well with the experimental results. Our findings pave the way for the generation of USOSs and VSs in room-temperature atomic systems and are useful for various applications in optical information processing and transmission.

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利用电磁诱导透明观察室温原子气体中的超低光孤子和涡旋孤子

本文报道了在室温高共振原子体系中，利用电磁诱导透明技术对超低光孤子和涡旋孤子进行了实验观察。研究表明，当探测激光的输入功率超过阈值时，探测光束可以形成USOSs和VSs，由于横向衍射和自聚焦Kerr非线性之间的精确平衡，其波形在传播过程中几乎不变。我们还表明，光孤子和VSs具有10−5c的超低传播速度（c为真空中的光速），并且可以在几微瓦的低光功率下产生。此外，我们还进行了理论分析和直接仿真，结果与实验结果吻合较好。我们的发现为在室温原子系统中产生USOSs和VSs铺平了道路，并且对光学信息处理和传输的各种应用很有用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chaos Solitons & Fractals 物理-数学跨学科应用

CiteScore

13.20

自引率

10.30%

发文量

1087

审稿时长

9 months

期刊介绍： Chaos, Solitons & Fractals strives to establish itself as a premier journal in the interdisciplinary realm of Nonlinear Science, Non-equilibrium, and Complex Phenomena. It welcomes submissions covering a broad spectrum of topics within this field, including dynamics, non-equilibrium processes in physics, chemistry, and geophysics, complex matter and networks, mathematical models, computational biology, applications to quantum and mesoscopic phenomena, fluctuations and random processes, self-organization, and social phenomena.