Experimental feasibility analysis of quantum/classical coexistence over fibre and free space links

IF 2.5 Q3 QUANTUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Aristeidis Stathis, Argiris Ntanos, Panagiotis Toumasis, Nikolaos K. Lyras, Giannis Giannoulis, Hercules Avramopoulos
{"title":"Experimental feasibility analysis of quantum/classical coexistence over fibre and free space links","authors":"Aristeidis Stathis,&nbsp;Argiris Ntanos,&nbsp;Panagiotis Toumasis,&nbsp;Nikolaos K. Lyras,&nbsp;Giannis Giannoulis,&nbsp;Hercules Avramopoulos","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12097","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The authors present a novel approach to Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) research, emphasising cost-effectiveness and practicality using a single photon polarisation-encoded system employing mainly commercial off-the-shelf components. This study diverges from previous high-cost, high-end setups by exploring the viability of QKD in more accessible and realistic settings. Our approach focuses on practical measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio by analysing polarisation-encoded photonic qubits over various transmission scenarios. The authors introduce a simplified evaluation method that incorporates experimental measurements, such as noise sources and losses, into a semi-empirical theoretical framework. This framework simulates the standard DS-BB84 protocol to estimate Secure Key Rates (SKRs), offering an alternative approach on the evaluation of the practical implementation of QKD. Specifically, the authors examine the feasibility of QKD over a 2.2 km intra-campus fibre link in coexistence scenarios, identifying optimal Wavelength-Division Multiplexing allocations to minimise Raman noise, achieving an expected SKR of up to 300 bps. Additionally, the authors’ study extends to 40 m indoor and 100 m outdoor Free-Space Optical (FSO) links using low-cost components, where the authors recorded Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) values below 3.2%, allowing for possible SKRs up to 600 bps even in daylight operation. The converged fibre/FSO scenario demonstrated robust performance, with QBER values below 3.7% and an expected SKR of over 200 bps. Our research bridges the gap between high-end and economical QKD solutions, providing valuable insights into the feasibility of QKD in everyday scenarios, especially within metropolitan fibre based and FSO links. By leveraging cost-effective components and a simplified single photon exchange setup, the authors work paves the way for the effortless characterisation of deployed infrastructure, highlighting its potential in diverse settings and its accessibility for widespread implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 4","pages":"575-585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12097","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IET Quantum Communication","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/qtc2.12097","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"QUANTUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The authors present a novel approach to Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) research, emphasising cost-effectiveness and practicality using a single photon polarisation-encoded system employing mainly commercial off-the-shelf components. This study diverges from previous high-cost, high-end setups by exploring the viability of QKD in more accessible and realistic settings. Our approach focuses on practical measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio by analysing polarisation-encoded photonic qubits over various transmission scenarios. The authors introduce a simplified evaluation method that incorporates experimental measurements, such as noise sources and losses, into a semi-empirical theoretical framework. This framework simulates the standard DS-BB84 protocol to estimate Secure Key Rates (SKRs), offering an alternative approach on the evaluation of the practical implementation of QKD. Specifically, the authors examine the feasibility of QKD over a 2.2 km intra-campus fibre link in coexistence scenarios, identifying optimal Wavelength-Division Multiplexing allocations to minimise Raman noise, achieving an expected SKR of up to 300 bps. Additionally, the authors’ study extends to 40 m indoor and 100 m outdoor Free-Space Optical (FSO) links using low-cost components, where the authors recorded Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) values below 3.2%, allowing for possible SKRs up to 600 bps even in daylight operation. The converged fibre/FSO scenario demonstrated robust performance, with QBER values below 3.7% and an expected SKR of over 200 bps. Our research bridges the gap between high-end and economical QKD solutions, providing valuable insights into the feasibility of QKD in everyday scenarios, especially within metropolitan fibre based and FSO links. By leveraging cost-effective components and a simplified single photon exchange setup, the authors work paves the way for the effortless characterisation of deployed infrastructure, highlighting its potential in diverse settings and its accessibility for widespread implementation.

Abstract Image

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信