A mixed methods exploratory study assessing youth knowledge, self-efficacy and mental health outcomes in transition to adult healthcare

Jennifer G. Andrews , Rena Shifren , Richard Wahl , Wendy Parent-Johnson , Scott Klewer
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Abstract

Background

Transition from adolescence to adulthood is a change in status yielding self-sufficiency, independence, and participation in adult roles. There are numerous efforts to define transition elements and encourage formalized processes readying youth for adulthood, yet significant challenges remain.

Methods

We recruited individuals who were age 12 years or older and not transitioned or 18 years and older who transitioned within 24 months to complete questionnaires and participate in a focus group.

Results

25 participants (Mean age 17.9 years) completed questionnaires and 76 % participated in focus groups. Youth 18 years and older had mean scores in the reason for concern range on 7 of 9 NIH Toolbox scales de. Transition readiness was lower in adults across all five categories. Key themes include misunderstanding the concept of transition and self-determination in transition.

Conclusions

Few youth understood what “transition” entails. Most considered it a single issue, such as aging out of insurance or leaving their pediatric specialist. Youth self-efficacy and life outlook declines in the late teens and early adulthood, exacerbating perceived inability to self-manage and gain independence. Most concerning is the emotional well-being and self-esteem of our adults who scored in the reason for concern range in 7 of 9 scales whereas adolescent peers did not. A directed attempt to create self-efficacy for youth in transition through training in health management, understanding the meaning of transition and promoting a positive perception prior to transition is needed.
一项评估青少年知识、自我效能和心理健康结果的混合方法探索性研究
从青春期过渡到成年期是一种能够自给自足、独立和参与成人角色的状态变化。有许多努力来界定过渡要素和鼓励使青年为成年做好准备的正式过程,但仍然存在重大挑战。方法招募年龄在12岁及以上未变性者和年龄在18岁及以上且在24个月内变性者填写问卷并参加焦点小组。结果25名参与者(平均17.9岁)完成问卷调查,76%( %)参加焦点小组。18岁及以上的青年在9个NIH工具箱量表中的7个的关注原因范围内的平均得分。成人的过渡准备程度在所有五个类别中都较低。关键主题包括误解过渡的概念和过渡中的自决。结论:很少有年轻人理解“过渡”意味着什么。大多数人认为这是一个单一的问题,比如年龄过大,没有保险,或者离开儿科医生。青少年的自我效能感和生活前景在青少年晚期和成年早期下降,加剧了自我管理和获得独立的无能。最令人担忧的是成年人的情感健康和自尊他们在9个量表中的7个中得分,而青少年同龄人则没有。需要通过健康管理方面的培训、了解过渡的意义和在过渡之前促进积极的认识,有针对性地努力为转型期青年创造自我效能感。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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