Sociodemographic Inequalities in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: 15 Years Follow-Up of the 1932 and 1942 Birth Cohorts in Sweden

IF 1.8 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI:10.1111/cdoe.13029

Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm, Berit Mastrovito, Josefine Sannevik, Stein Atle Lie, Anders Johansson, Ann-Katrin Johansson

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Focusing on two birth cohorts of older adults, this study aimed to (1) describe the development of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) across time from 2007 to 2022 and (2) assess sociodemographic inequalities in OHRQoL and whether these inequalities remain stable, widen or narrow during the follow-up period.

Methods

In 1992 and 2007 the 1942 and 1932 birth cohorts living in the Swedish counties of Örebro and Östergotland participated with 6346 (response 71.4%) and 3735 individuals (response 71.9%), respectively. Of the 6346 1942 birth cohort participants, 2479 (38.5% of baseline) completed postal follow-ups in 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017 and 2022. Of the 3735 1932 birth cohort participants, 751 (20% of baseline) participated also in 2012, 2017 and 2022. Oral impacts of daily performance (OIDP) and socio-demographic characteristics were assessed at each survey year. A cohort table depicted the prevalence rates of OIDP (OIDP > 0) across time, disentangling age, period and cohort effects. Logistic mixed models with interaction terms of each socio-demographic covariate and time were used to test differences in socio-demographic inequalities of oral impacts over time.

Results

Between 2007 and 2022, OIDP > 0 varied from 22.7% to 28.7% in the 1932 birth cohort (age 75–90) and from 25.3% to 26.6% in the 1942 cohort (age 65–80). Mixed models revealed that cluster specific odds ratios (ORs) for OIDP > 0 varied from 0.2 to 2.5 with respect to avoidance of dental care due to cost and health perceptions in the 1942 cohort. Corresponding OR estimates in the 1932 cohort were 0.2 and 2.1. In both cohorts, inequality estimates according to country of birth and education were smaller in 2022 than in 2007. In the 1932 cohort, inequality according to sex was larger in 2022 than in 2007.

Conclusion

Higher prevalence of oral impacts with increasing age and overtime were observed for both cohorts. Narrowing and widening of oral health socio-demographic disparities occurred. Further examination of the interaction of socio-demographic factors with age or time may allow for targeted policy strategies aimed to alleviate oral health disparities in older ages.

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老年人口腔健康相关生活质量的社会人口不平等：瑞典1932年和1942年出生队列的15年随访

目的：本研究聚焦于两个老年人出生队列，旨在(1)描述2007年至2022年期间口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的发展；(2)评估OHRQoL的社会人口不平等，以及这些不平等在随访期间是否保持稳定、扩大或缩小。方法：1992年和2007年，居住在瑞典Örebro和Östergotland县的1942年和1932年出生队列分别有6346人（应答71.4%）和3735人（应答71.9%）参与。在6346名1942年出生队列参与者中，2479名（占基线的38.5%）在1997年、2002年、2007年、2012年、2017年和2022年完成了邮政随访。在3735名1932年出生队列参与者中，751名（基线的20%）也参加了2012年，2017年和2022年。在每个调查年度评估日常工作的口腔影响（OIDP）和社会人口特征。一个队列表描述了OIDP的患病率（OIDP b>）在不同的时间，解开年龄，时期和队列效应。使用具有每个社会人口协变量和时间相互作用项的Logistic混合模型来检验口头影响的社会人口不平等随时间的差异。结果：2007年至2022年间，1932年出生队列（75-90岁）的OIDP >从22.7%变化到28.7%，1942年队列（65-80岁）的OIDP >从25.3%变化到26.6%。混合模型显示，在1942年队列中，由于成本和健康观念而避免牙科护理的OIDP群体特定比值比（ORs）从0.2到2.5不等。在1932年的队列中，相应的OR估计为0.2和2.1。在这两个队列中，2022年根据出生国和受教育程度估计的不平等程度都小于2007年。在1932年的队列中，2022年的性别不平等比2007年更严重。结论：在两组人群中，随着年龄的增长和时间的延长，口腔影响的患病率均较高。口腔健康的社会人口差距缩小和扩大。进一步研究社会人口因素与年龄或时间的相互作用，可能有助于制定有针对性的政策战略，以减轻老年人口腔健康差异。

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来源期刊

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The aim of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology is to serve as a forum for scientifically based information in community dentistry, with the intention of continually expanding the knowledge base in the field. The scope is therefore broad, ranging from original studies in epidemiology, behavioral sciences related to dentistry, and health services research through to methodological reports in program planning, implementation and evaluation. Reports dealing with people of all age groups are welcome. The journal encourages manuscripts which present methodologically detailed scientific research findings from original data collection or analysis of existing databases. Preference is given to new findings. Confirmations of previous findings can be of value, but the journal seeks to avoid needless repetition. It also encourages thoughtful, provocative commentaries on subjects ranging from research methods to public policies. Purely descriptive reports are not encouraged, nor are behavioral science reports with only marginal application to dentistry. The journal is published bimonthly.