Linear and nonlinear Edelstein effects in chiral topological semimetals

Haowei Xu , Ju Li
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Abstract

Recently, there has been growing interest in achieving on-demand control of magnetism through electrical and optical means. In this work, we provide first-principles predictions for the linear and nonlinear Edelstein effects (LEE and NLEE) in the chiral topological semimetal CoSi. The LEE and NLEE represent first- and second-order magnetic responses to external electric fields, enabling precise manipulation of magnetization via electrical and optical methods. We demonstrate that although both LEE and NLEE require time-reversal symmetry breaking, they can still be realized in non-magnetic materials, as time-reversal symmetry can be spontaneously broken by heat and dissipation, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Meanwhile, due to different inversion symmetry selection rules, the LEE and NLEE manifest opposite and identical signs in the two enantiomers of CoSi, respectively. We further quantify the magnitude of LEE and NLEE, showing that electrically or optically induced magnetization can reach 10 Bohr magneton per unit cell when the external electric field strength is comparable with the internal atomic electric field, which is on the order of 1 V/Å. Our work offers a systematical approach for predicting the electrical and optical control of magnetism in real materials, paving the way for potential applications in areas such as spintronics and magnetic memories.
手性拓扑半金属中的线性和非线性Edelstein效应
最近,人们对通过电学和光学手段实现磁的按需控制越来越感兴趣。在这项工作中,我们为手性拓扑半金属CoSi中的线性和非线性Edelstein效应(LEE和NLEE)提供了第一性原理预测。LEE和NLEE代表对外部电场的一阶和二阶磁响应,能够通过电学和光学方法精确操纵磁化。我们证明,尽管LEE和NLEE都需要时间反转对称性破缺,但它们仍然可以在非磁性材料中实现,因为根据热力学第二定律,时间反转对称性可以通过热和耗散自发地打破。同时,由于不同的反演对称选择规则,CoSi的两种对映体中LEE和NLEE分别表现出相反和相同的符号。我们进一步量化了LEE和NLEE的大小,表明当外电场强与内部原子电场强度相当时,电或光诱导磁化强度可以达到每单位电池10玻尔磁子,约为1 V/Å。我们的工作提供了一种系统的方法来预测真实材料中磁性的电和光控制,为自旋电子学和磁存储器等领域的潜在应用铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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