Structural-property relationship in Pt(N^{NO})Cl: The effect of hydrogenating the Schiff base ligand on spectral, biomolecule-binding and anticancer properties

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Polyhedron Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI:10.1016/j.poly.2024.117369

Kamelah S. Alrashdi , Bandar A. Babgi , Ehab M.M. Ali , Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas , Abdesslem Jedidi , Shaaban A. Elroby , Bambar Davaasuren , Doaa Domyati , Mariusz Jaremko

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Abstract

Tridentate Schiff base ligand (L) was synthesized from reactions of N-phenyl-1,2-diaminobenzene and 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde. The Schiff base was hydrogenated by sodium borohydride to produce the second ligand (HL). Complexes with the general formula Pt(N^{NO})Cl were synthesized by reacting K₂PtCl₄ with the ligands in DMSO/ethanol mixtures, generating L-Pt and HL-Pt complexes. The ligand and its complex were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The DNA-binding of the platinum(II) compounds were evaluated by following changes induced on the viscosity of ct-DNA, indicating covalent binding mode with ct-DNA. L-Pt is strongly emissive with emission maximum ca. 630 nm, which complicated the evaluation of DNA- and BSA-binding by the fluorescence quenching technique. However, HL-Pt has good binding affinities with ct-DNA with apparent binding constant of 1.0 × 10⁶ while BSA-binding studies indicated static quenching process with binding constant (K_b) value equals to 1.43 × 10⁶. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) values against MCF-7 and HepG2 suggest that L-Pt has better cytotoxic effect compared to that of HL-Pt and cisplatin. Although, both L-Pt and HL-Pt were more cytotoxic towards the normal cell line. The flow cytometry assay indicated that L-Pt, HL-Pt and cisplatin induce their cytotoxic effect by apoptosis. However, the cell cycle arrest of L-Pt and HL-Pt on MCF-7 show similar pattern but it is different to that of MCF-7 treated with cisplatin, suggesting different mechanism in activating the cell death. DFT calculations were employed to stimulate the binding of L-Pt and HL-Pt with a fragment of DNA (trimer), highlighting the effect of the ligands. In conclusion, the current study highlight the importance of the azomethine linkage in the ligand on the anticancer properties on the complexes of the type Pt(N^{NO})Cl.

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来源期刊

Polyhedron 化学-晶体学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

7.70%

发文量

515

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Polyhedron publishes original, fundamental, experimental and theoretical work of the highest quality in all the major areas of inorganic chemistry. This includes synthetic chemistry, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, and solid-state and materials chemistry. Papers should be significant pieces of work, and all new compounds must be appropriately characterized. The inclusion of single-crystal X-ray structural data is strongly encouraged, but papers reporting only the X-ray structure determination of a single compound will usually not be considered. Papers on solid-state or materials chemistry will be expected to have a significant molecular chemistry component (such as the synthesis and characterization of the molecular precursors and/or a systematic study of the use of different precursors or reaction conditions) or demonstrate a cutting-edge application (for example inorganic materials for energy applications). Papers dealing only with stability constants are not considered.