The combined effect of biofeedback training and osteopathic procedures for the treatment of functional daytime urinary incontinence: A prospective, randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Background

Functional daytime urinary incontinence (FDTUI) is characterized by involuntary urine leakage during the day. This prospective, randomized clinical trial investigated the effectiveness of combined biofeedback training and osteopathic procedures in treating FDTUI.

Methods

The study involved 117 randomly assigned to three groups: group A received combined therapy of biofeedback training, osteopathy techniques, and behavioural modifications; Group B received biofeedback training and behavioural modifications, while Group C received osteopathy techniques and behavioural modifications. The interventions were carried out over 10 weeks, followed by an 8-week follow-up. Outcome measures included the 24-h pad test, Pediatric Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score (PLUTSS), and the bladder diary. Data analysis was based on the 37 participants per group who completed the entire intervention and follow-up period.

Results

While all three interventions improved urinary incontinence symptoms, there were no significant differences between the three groups at the beginning of the study. Statistical analysis demonstrated substantial improvement in PLUTSS and 24-h pad test scores when compared between the three groups before and after the intervention period (MD -19.43, −12.03, −11.73 for PLUTSS, while the pad test was −46.46, −38.19, −37.35 for groups A, B, and C respectively), as well as in the bladder diary measures after the 10-week intervention period. These improvements were sustained through the 8-week follow-up period.

Conclusion

The results of this study provide evidence for the potential effectiveness of biofeedback training and osteopathic procedures in treating FDTUI.