The immediate effects of myofascial release on lumbar range of motion and flexibility in healthy individuals: A double-blind, randomized sham-controlled trial

Abstract

Introduction

Myofascial release (MFR) is a manual therapy technique defined as a low load; long-duration stretch to the myofascial complex. Its application is intended to restore optimal length in fascial tissue, alleviate associated discomfort due to adverse tissue tension, increase range of motion, and improve flexibility. This randomized control trial (RCT) aimed to examine the immediate effects of myofascial release MFR on improving lumbar range of motion (ROM) and flexibility in healthy, young adults.

Methods

Participants were randomized to an experimental group (EG) or a sham treatment group (CG). Baseline outcome measurements including lumbar flexion (LF), lumbar side-bending (LSB), hamstring flexibility using the active knee extension test (AKE) and the modified sit-reach-test (MSR) were taken before and immediately following interventions. The EG received myofascial release to the lumbar paraspinal muscles while the CG received non-therapeutic hand contact to the same area.

Results

Between-groups differences revealed no statistically significant improvements. Within-group differences revealed statistically significant improvements for both groups. The EG showed improvements in LSB (R) (p = 0.02), AKE (L) (p < 0.001), AKE (R) (p = 0.004), and MSR (p = 0.001). The CG showed improvements in LF (p = 0.03), LSB (L) (p = 0.09), LSB (R) (p = 0.03), AKE (L) (p = 0.004), AKE (R) (p < 0.001), and MSR (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The findings of this RCT suggest MFR provided no greater benefit to improving lumbar ROM and flexibility in healthy, young adults when compared to non-therapeutic light touch. Future RCTs may consider examining a similar impact on individuals with persistent back pain who experience mobility and flexibility loss.