Experimental field study of basic mechanisms underlying dissolved 137Cs seasonal variations in ponds heavily contaminated after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident

IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Alexei Konoplev , Honoka Kurosawa , Yoshifumi Wakiyama , Yasunori Igarashi , Volodymyr Kanivets , Kenji Nanba
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Abstract

Presented are results of field study of dissolved 137Cs seasonal variations in two ponds of the close vicinity of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant contaminated after the accident in March 2011. Two mechanisms were investigated which can possibly explain regular seasonal variations of dissolved 137Cs concentrations in ponds: temperature dependence of 137Cs desorption from sediments to solution, and ion-exchange remobilization of 137Cs by cations of ammonium generated by decomposition of organic matter. A process-level model of dissolved 137Cs seasonal variations accounting for these two mechanisms was proposed and a correspondent equation describing 137Cs seasonality was suggested. The activation energy of 137Cs desorption from sediments for the two ponds is close to each other, being 30 kJ/mol and 24.6 kJ/mol and close to those obtained in laboratory experiments. Unlike Fukushima rivers, shallow and fast flowing, and hence with negligible ammonium concentration, in the stagnated waters of the studied ponds the role of ammonium in 137Cs mobilization seems to be comparable with that of water temperature, or even be prevalent.
福岛第一核电站事故后重污染池塘溶解态137Cs季节变化基本机制的现场实验研究
本文介绍了2011年3月福岛第一核电站事故后污染的两个池中溶解态137Cs的季节变化的实地研究结果。研究了两种可能解释池塘中溶解137Cs浓度季节性变化的机制:137Cs从沉积物到溶液解吸的温度依赖性,以及有机质分解产生的铵离子对137Cs的离子交换再活化。提出了考虑这两种机制的溶解137Cs季节变化过程水平模型,并提出了描述137Cs季节变化的相应方程。两池沉积物中137Cs解吸活化能较为接近,分别为30 kJ/mol和24.6 kJ/mol,与室内实验结果较为接近。与福岛的河流浅而快,因此铵浓度可以忽略不计不同,在研究池塘的死水中,铵在137Cs动员中的作用似乎与水温相当,甚至是普遍存在的。
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来源期刊
Applied Geochemistry
Applied Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
8.80%
发文量
272
审稿时长
65 days
期刊介绍: Applied Geochemistry is an international journal devoted to publication of original research papers, rapid research communications and selected review papers in geochemistry and urban geochemistry which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavour, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal and the search for resources. Papers on applications of inorganic, organic and isotope geochemistry and geochemical processes are therefore welcome provided they meet the main criterion. Spatial and temporal monitoring case studies are only of interest to our international readership if they present new ideas of broad application. Topics covered include: (1) Environmental geochemistry (including natural and anthropogenic aspects, and protection and remediation strategies); (2) Hydrogeochemistry (surface and groundwater); (3) Medical (urban) geochemistry; (4) The search for energy resources (in particular unconventional oil and gas or emerging metal resources); (5) Energy exploitation (in particular geothermal energy and CCS); (6) Upgrading of energy and mineral resources where there is a direct geochemical application; and (7) Waste disposal, including nuclear waste disposal.
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