DBVA: Double-layered blockchain architecture for enhanced security in VANET vehicular authentication

IF 4.5 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Computer Communications Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI:10.1016/j.comcom.2025.108048

Samuel Akwasi Frimpong , Mu Han , Usman Ahmad , Otu Larbi-Siaw , Joseph Kwame Adjei

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) are crucial for improving road safety and traffic management in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). However, these networks face significant security and privacy challenges due to their dynamic and decentralized nature. Traditional authentication methods, such as Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and centralized systems, struggle with scalability, single points of failure, and privacy issues. To address these issues, this paper introduces DBVA, a Double-Layered Blockchain Architecture that integrates private and consortium blockchains to create a robust and scalable authentication framework for VANET. The DBVA framework segregates public transactions, such as traffic data, from private transactions, such as identity and location information, into separate blockchain layers, preserving privacy and enhancing security. Additionally, DBVA introduces strict access control smart contracts for the decentralized revocation of unauthorized vehicle privileges, minimizing communication risks and enhancing system resilience. A dynamic pseudonym identity generation mechanism with periodic updates further strengthens privacy by segregating real and pseudonymous identities into separate blockchain layers. Comprehensive performance evaluations reveal that DBVA significantly enhances computational efficiency, reducing the computational cost to 18.34 ms, lowering communication overhead to 992 bits per message, and minimizing storage requirements to just 50 units, making it competitive among contemporary schemes. Extensive security analysis and formal proof confirm that DBVA effectively meets all essential privacy and security requirements, making it a robust, reliable, and scalable solution for enhancing the security, privacy, and resilience of VANET.

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来源期刊

Computer Communications 工程技术-电信学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

397

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Computer and Communications networks are key infrastructures of the information society with high socio-economic value as they contribute to the correct operations of many critical services (from healthcare to finance and transportation). Internet is the core of today''s computer-communication infrastructures. This has transformed the Internet, from a robust network for data transfer between computers, to a global, content-rich, communication and information system where contents are increasingly generated by the users, and distributed according to human social relations. Next-generation network technologies, architectures and protocols are therefore required to overcome the limitations of the legacy Internet and add new capabilities and services. The future Internet should be ubiquitous, secure, resilient, and closer to human communication paradigms. Computer Communications is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes high-quality scientific articles (both theory and practice) and survey papers covering all aspects of future computer communication networks (on all layers, except the physical layer), with a special attention to the evolution of the Internet architecture, protocols, services, and applications.