Financing climate and disaster risk through contingency: The case of humanitarian risk pools

IF 3.4 2区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY
Olivia G. Taylor
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Abstract

This paper examines the adoption of risk pooling in the humanitarian sector as an innovative climate and disaster risk financing mechanism. Risk pooling is a strategy borrowed from the insurance industry to enable a portfolio of pre-agreed funding to be over-committed, or ‘stretched’, in order to allocate funding more efficiently. Risk pooling has emerged in the context of concerns about rising humanitarian costs and is part of wider calls for more efficient, ‘risk-based’ climate and disaster financing. The paper explores humanitarian risk pooling through the lens of geographical scholarship on risk and contingency, drawing empirically from a case study of a humanitarian risk pool, to show that pooling represents the extension of financialized logics of risk into new spaces in the humanitarian sector. Risk pooling is described as offering ‘protection’ to beneficiaries, but while it offers potential efficiencies for humanitarian agencies and donors, it renders funding certainty for beneficiaries more complex and fragile. The paper explores how risk operates as a ‘hinge-point’ for decision-making through the pool, extending a logic of contingency into new domains of humanitarian financing, as agencies seek to gain efficiencies in the face of more costly, frequent and severe future climate and disaster events.
通过应急为气候和灾害风险融资:人道主义风险池案例
本文探讨了在人道主义部门采用风险分担作为一种创新的气候和灾害风险融资机制。风险分担是一种借鉴于保险业的策略,目的是使预先商定的资金组合能够超额承担或“延伸”,以便更有效地分配资金。风险汇集是在人们担心人道主义成本上升的背景下出现的,也是更广泛呼吁更有效、“基于风险”的气候和灾害融资的一部分。本文通过对风险和偶然性的地理研究,从人道主义风险池的案例研究中汲取经验,探讨了人道主义风险池,以表明风险池代表了风险金融化逻辑向人道主义领域新空间的延伸。风险分担被描述为为受益人提供“保护”,但是,虽然它为人道主义机构和捐助者提供了潜在的效率,但它使受益人的资金确定性变得更加复杂和脆弱。本文探讨了风险是如何通过资金池作为决策的“拐点”运作的,将应急逻辑扩展到人道主义融资的新领域,因为各机构在面对更昂贵、更频繁和更严重的未来气候和灾害事件时寻求提高效率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Geoforum
Geoforum GEOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
5.70%
发文量
201
期刊介绍: Geoforum is an international, inter-disciplinary journal, global in outlook, and integrative in approach. The broad focus of Geoforum is the organisation of economic, political, social and environmental systems through space and over time. Areas of study range from the analysis of the global political economy and environment, through national systems of regulation and governance, to urban and regional development, local economic and urban planning and resources management. The journal also includes a Critical Review section which features critical assessments of research in all the above areas.
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