Natufian architecture 12,000 years ago: Analyzing ‘building stones’ at Nahal Ein Gev II

IF 0.9 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Archaeological Research in Asia Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ara.2025.100600

Laure Dubreuil , Leore Grosman

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Abstract

In the Southern Levant, the Natufians established a long-lasting tradition of using stones, along with other materials, for construction. Initial field observations at Nahal Ein Gev II suggested that such stones are natural blocks or cobbles that frequently underwent some kind of modification. To further investigate this pattern and better understand construction techniques and design, a protocol was developed at the site to record and analyze the construction stones, labelled BL for ‘Building Stones.’ This paper presents our initial results.

Our analysis reveals that basalt and limestone were commonly used as BL, consistent with the lithology of the geological formations around the site. A large proportion of the BL are broken, perhaps as a result of intentional ‘calibration’ of the stones aimed at making them fit into the structure's walls. Consistency in modal BL size reveals some of the norms that underlie the design of the structures. The presence of several types of sheen was noted on the BL; some forms being related to the use of bonding material employed in wall construction, while other forms may indicate surface treatment. Finally, the construction traditions documented at the site are considered in the broader context of Natufian technical innovation and inter-site variability.

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1.2万年前的纳图夫建筑：分析纳哈尔·艾因盖夫二世的“建筑石头”

在黎凡特南部，纳图夫人建立了使用石头和其他材料进行建筑的长期传统。在Nahal Ein Gev II的初步实地观察表明，这些石头是天然石块或鹅卵石，经常经过某种修饰。为了进一步研究这种模式，更好地了解建筑技术和设计，在现场制定了一项协议，记录和分析建筑石材，标记为BL （Building stones）。这篇论文展示了我们的初步结果。分析表明，主要以玄武岩和灰岩为基底，与遗址周围地质构造的岩性一致。大部分的BL都被破坏了，也许是故意“校准”石头的结果，目的是使它们适合结构的墙壁。模态基础尺寸的一致性揭示了结构设计背后的一些规范。在BL上发现了几种类型的光泽；有些形式与墙体结构中使用的粘合材料有关，而其他形式可能表明表面处理。最后，在更广泛的纳图夫技术创新和场地间变化的背景下，考虑了现场记录的建筑传统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archaeological Research in Asia ARCHAEOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

13.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Archaeological Research in Asia presents high quality scholarly research conducted in between the Bosporus and the Pacific on a broad range of archaeological subjects of importance to audiences across Asia and around the world. The journal covers the traditional components of archaeology: placing events and patterns in time and space; analysis of past lifeways; and explanations for cultural processes and change. To this end, the publication will highlight theoretical and methodological advances in studying the past, present new data, and detail patterns that reshape our understanding of it. Archaeological Research in Asia publishes work on the full temporal range of archaeological inquiry from the earliest human presence in Asia with a special emphasis on time periods under-represented in other venues. Journal contributions are of three kinds: articles, case reports and short communications. Full length articles should present synthetic treatments, novel analyses, or theoretical approaches to unresolved issues. Case reports present basic data on subjects that are of broad interest because they represent key sites, sequences, and subjects that figure prominently, or should figure prominently, in how scholars both inside and outside Asia understand the archaeology of cultural and biological change through time. Short communications present new findings (e.g., radiocarbon dates) that are important to the extent that they reaffirm or change the way scholars in Asia and around the world think about Asian cultural or biological history.