Green synthesis of Bb-ZnO NPs using Barleria buxifolia leaf extract: Investigations into their physicochemical, biological and anti-cancer properties

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Polyhedron Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.poly.2024.117366

Adel I. Alalawy , Fayez M. Saleh , Nizar H. Saeedi , Chellasamy Panneerselvam , Mohamed I. Sakran , Syed Khasim , Humaira Parveen , Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh , Sayeed Mukhtar , Uzma Faridi , Al Thabiani Aziz , Abdulrahman Alasmari

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Abstract

The plant Barleria buxifolia (Bb) has long been recognized for its medicinal properties. This study investigates the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using leaf extracts of B. buxifolia. The aqueous extracts serve as both reducing and stabilizing agents, facilitating a simple, one-step, eco-friendly, and cost-effective synthesis process. The formation of ZnO NPs was validated by the UV–visible absorbance of the surface resonance band at 340 nm. The size of resulting Bb-ZnO NPs was confirmed by TEM. Elemental mapping and stability of NPs were done by using EDS and zeta potential analysis. FTIR was used to characterize of capping agents of the leaf extract, Zeta potential analysis, revealing high stability, crystalline structure, and spherical morphology with sizes ranging from 2 to 50 nm. Furthermore, the synthesized Bb-ZnO NPs demonstrated significant antioxidant activities, as indicated by ABTS, DPPH, and NO assays with IC₅₀ values 67.08 ± 1.42, 62.54 ± 1.38, and 92.63 ± 1.05. The Bb-ZnO NPs exhibited strong antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli, and P. aeruginosa) bacteria (DIZ of 23.31 ± 1.42 mm, 20.17 ± 1.08 mm, 16.46 ± 1.03 mm for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus are respectively). The anticancer properties of Bb-ZnO NPs, in combination with cisplatin, were evaluated against A549 lung cancer cells, revealing a dose-dependent cytotoxicity while maintaining biocompatibility with normal L929 cells, as confirmed by the MTT assay. The inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) were found to be 67.2 µg/mL for Bb-ZnO NPs and 43.5 µg/mL for cisplatin. Anticancer effects were further validated through live/dead (Ao/EtBr), DAPI, ROS, and Rho123 assays. These findings suggest that B. buxifolia extract-mediated ZnO nanoparticles hold potential as therapeutic agents for various human diseases, including lung cancer.

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来源期刊

Polyhedron 化学-晶体学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

7.70%

发文量

515

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Polyhedron publishes original, fundamental, experimental and theoretical work of the highest quality in all the major areas of inorganic chemistry. This includes synthetic chemistry, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, and solid-state and materials chemistry. Papers should be significant pieces of work, and all new compounds must be appropriately characterized. The inclusion of single-crystal X-ray structural data is strongly encouraged, but papers reporting only the X-ray structure determination of a single compound will usually not be considered. Papers on solid-state or materials chemistry will be expected to have a significant molecular chemistry component (such as the synthesis and characterization of the molecular precursors and/or a systematic study of the use of different precursors or reaction conditions) or demonstrate a cutting-edge application (for example inorganic materials for energy applications). Papers dealing only with stability constants are not considered.