Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY
Prakai Rajchanuwong , Sawaporn Peaboon , Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan , Atsalek Rattanawannee , Atirat Noosidum , Boonhiang Promdonkoy , Jariya Chanpaisaeng , Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
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Abstract

Organophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids are commonly used in Thailand to control mosquito vectors; however, long-term use of insecticides in vector control has led to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. In this study, we screened Bacillus thuringiensis strains as biological control agents for potential toxins against mosquito larvae as an additional control tool. Preliminary bioassays conducted on 434 strains demonstrated that 41 strains (11.64%) and 14 strains (3.97%) achieved 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, respectively. Three strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) showed toxicity to both mosquito species, compared with the reference Bti strain. Strains JC691 demonstrated the highest efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, with an LC50 value of 6.96 × 104 CFU/ml and 1.16 × 103 CFU/ml, respectively. A comparison of LC50 values revealed that JC691 exhibited higher efficacy against Cx. quinquefasciatus than that by Bti (Bti LC50: 8.89 × 10⁴ CFU/ml) but lower efficacy against Ae. aegypti (Bti LC50: 1.99 × 10³ CFU/ml). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that JC690, JC691, and JC699 are rod-shaped, have oval spores, and produce bi-pyramidal crystal proteins. Protein profile analysis using SDS-PAGE demonstrated distinct differences between these Thailand strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) and the reference Bti strain. All three Thailand strains contained cry1I and cry2A genes, and only JC691 harbored the cry32 gene. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cry32 indicated that the partial sequences of cry32 in JC691 from Thailand were distinct from those of other B. thuringiensis strains from different countries. This study demonstrates the potential of JC690, JC691, and JC699 as biocontrol agents for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.

Abstract Image

苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株对埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊的杀幼虫活性
在泰国,通常使用有机磷酸盐、氨基甲酸酯和合成拟除虫菊酯来控制蚊虫媒介;然而,在病媒控制中长期使用杀虫剂导致了杀虫剂耐药性的迅速发展。在本研究中,我们筛选了苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株作为对蚊子幼虫潜在毒素的生物防治剂,作为一种额外的防治工具。对434株病原菌进行初步生物测定,41株(11.64%)和14株(3.97%)对伊蚊的致死率为100%。埃及伊蚊和Cx。致倦库蚊幼虫。与对照菌株相比,JC690、JC691和JC699对两种蚊均有毒性。菌株JC691对伊蚊的杀伤效果最好。埃及伊蚊和Cx。致倦库蚊LC50值分别为6.96 × 104 CFU/ml和1.16 × 103 CFU/ml。LC50值比较表明,JC691对Cx有较高的抑制作用。Bti对致倦库蚊的LC50值为8.89 × 10⁴CFU/ml,但对伊蚊的杀灭效果较低。埃及伊蚊(Bti LC50: 1.99 × 10³CFU/ml)。扫描电镜显示,JC690、JC691和JC699为杆状,孢子卵圆形,产生双锥体晶体蛋白。SDS-PAGE蛋白谱分析显示泰国菌株(JC690、JC691和JC699)与参考菌株存在明显差异。三个泰国菌株均含有cry1I和cry2A基因,只有JC691含有cry32基因。cry32的贝叶斯推断和最大似然系统发育分析表明,来自泰国的JC691中cry32的部分序列与来自其他国家的苏云金芽孢杆菌不同。本研究证实了JC690、JC691和JC699作为伊蚊的生物防治剂的潜力。埃及伊蚊和Cx。quinquefasciatus。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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