A scoping review of healthcare professionals on assisted dying in dementia: Presenting nurses’ perceptions and experiences

Abstract

Background

Dementia presents a complex challenge marked by cognitive decline and distressing symptoms, yet there is no cure. While access to assisted dying is expanding in many countries, many exclude those with dementia. If policymakers consider extending this option to people with dementia, understanding stakeholder views is crucial.

Aim

To explore healthcare professionals’ experiences and perceptions of assisted dying for people with dementia and to identify gaps in the evidence that will inform future research.

Methods

A search was conducted across five databases and grey literature, screening records against inclusion criteria. Seven relevant records were included for analysis.

Results

A total of 37 articles were found for review. Findings indicate a lack of understanding regarding healthcare professionals’ perspectives on assisted dying. Existing research predominantly focuses on physicians, with limited attention to nurses and even less on dementia-specific cases. A total of seven articles reported healthcare professionals other than physicians. Because of the lack of information available, this report has focused on this area. Key factors shaping nurses’ views include personal values, decision-making principles, background, and patient-centred care focus. While evidence is scant, there appears to be a growing acceptance of assisted dying among nurses over time.

Conclusions

There is a dearth of knowledge on perceptions and experiences regarding assisted dying for patients with dementia. Further primary research is crucial to inform healthcare systems and policymakers contemplating changes to assisted dying legislation or its introduction.