Using scleractinian corals as monitors of essential and potentially toxic elements pollution in the southern Red Sea, Yemen Republic

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Continental Shelf Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.csr.2024.105390

Safa Y. Abdo , Inga Zinicovscaia , Nikita Yushin , Omari Chaligava

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Abstract

This study presents a long-term follow-up investigation into the pollution levels of two significant harbors, Al-Luhaya and Al-Saleef, in the southern Red Sea (Hodeidah/Yemen) using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). In Al-Luhaya harbor, the mass fractions of elements followed the sequence: S > Al > Fe > Ba >Mn > Zn > V > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd > Pb > Co, while in Al-Saleef, the sequence was S > Al > Fe > Ba >Mn > Zn > V > Ni > Cu > Cr > Pb > Co > Cd. Sulfur was the dominant element in corals, its mass fraction changing in the range of 1188–1567 mg kg⁻¹ in Al-Luhaya and 2066–3047 mg kg⁻¹ in Al-Saleef. According to the Wilcoxon test, only the content of Zn in Al-Saleef corals was significantly higher than in Al-Luhaya ones. Correlation and principal component analyses were employed to disclose the elements’ relationship and associate them with pollution sources. The primary sources of the elements accumulated in corals are port activity, sewage discharge, and terrigenous input. The pollution load index and contamination factor were utilized to evaluate the extent of environmental pollution. The contamination factor values between 1 and 3.5 point at slight pollution with Fe in Al-Luhaya, while in Al-Saleef it was noted suspected contamination with Zn and Ni, and moderate pollution with Fe. The mass fractions of the elements in the present study were comparable or lower than values reported for corals collected in different zones of the Red Sea.

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在也门共和国的红海南部，使用核珊瑚作为基本和潜在有毒元素污染的监测仪

本研究利用电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱（ICP-OES）对红海南部（也门荷台达）两个重要港口Al-Luhaya和Al-Saleef的污染水平进行了长期随访调查。在Al-Luhaya港，元素的质量分数遵循以下顺序：S >；阿尔比;菲比;Ba >Mn >；锌比;V比;铜比;倪祝辞Cr祝辞Cd比;Pb祝辞而在Al-Saleef，顺序是S >；阿尔比;菲比;Ba >Mn >；锌比;V比;倪祝辞铜比;Cr祝辞Pb祝辞公司在硫是珊瑚的优势元素，Al-Luhaya和Al-Saleef的质量分数变化范围分别为1188 ~ 1567 mg kg - 1和2066 ~ 3047 mg kg - 1。根据Wilcoxon试验，只有Al-Saleef珊瑚的Zn含量显著高于Al-Luhaya珊瑚。利用相关分析和主成分分析揭示各要素之间的关系，并将其与污染源联系起来。珊瑚中积聚的元素的主要来源是港口活动、污水排放和陆源输入。利用污染负荷指数和污染因子对环境污染程度进行评价。Al-Luhaya的Fe污染系数在1 ~ 3.5点之间，Al-Saleef的Fe污染系数在1 ~ 3.5点之间，而Al-Saleef的Fe污染系数在1 ~ 3.5点之间。本研究中元素的质量分数与在红海不同地区收集的珊瑚的报告值相当或更低。

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来源期刊

Continental Shelf Research 地学-海洋学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

4.30%

发文量

136

审稿时长

6.1 months

期刊介绍： Continental Shelf Research publishes articles dealing with the biological, chemical, geological and physical oceanography of the shallow marine environment, from coastal and estuarine waters out to the shelf break. The continental shelf is a critical environment within the land-ocean continuum, and many processes, functions and problems in the continental shelf are driven by terrestrial inputs transported through the rivers and estuaries to the coastal and continental shelf areas. Manuscripts that deal with these topics must make a clear link to the continental shelf. Examples of research areas include: Physical sedimentology and geomorphology Geochemistry of the coastal ocean (inorganic and organic) Marine environment and anthropogenic effects Interaction of physical dynamics with natural and manmade shoreline features Benthic, phytoplankton and zooplankton ecology Coastal water and sediment quality, and ecosystem health Benthic-pelagic coupling (physical and biogeochemical) Interactions between physical dynamics (waves, currents, mixing, etc.) and biogeochemical cycles Estuarine, coastal and shelf sea modelling and process studies.