Neoarchean orogenic belt evolution in the northeast North China Craton: Implications for the reconstruction of early Earth’s microplates

IF 3.2 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Precambrian Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107659

Guozheng Sun , Shuwen Liu , Sanzhong Li , Timothy M. Kusky , Fangyang Hu , Han Bao , Lei Gao , Yalu Hu , Shengyao Yu , Liming Dai , Lintao Wang , Xi Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Identification and detailed studies of ancient orogens are one of the most important scientific problems for understanding the formation and evolution of early continental crust. However, it is tough to identify the original architecture of ancient orogenic belts due to the strong disturbances of late tectonothermal events, which makes it hard to reconstruct the formation mechanism and evolution process of early microplates. Here we used the spatial–temporal evolution of Neoarchean tectono-magmatism to trace orogenic processes of the Neoarchean continental crust of the North China Craton. Regional investigations in lithological assemblages, structural geology, chronology, geochemistry, and isotopic characteristics suggest that the Archean crystalline basement of the Eastern Liaoning Range in the northeastern North China Craton may be divided into three tectonic zones, each with its independent tectono-thermal evolution. We suggest therefore that these are independent terranes, namely microplates. Anshan-Benxi microplate in the southwest is a ∼ 3.8 to ∼ 2.9 Ga ancient continental nucleus with abundant Neoarchean (2.54–2.49 Ga) crust-derived K₂O-rich granitoids. Waitoushan-Weiziyu-Jiubing microplate in the center is mainly composed of ∼ 2.7 Ga tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite suite and 2.6–2.5 Ga diversified granitoids with some remnants of ancient oceanic lithosphere. Liaobei microplate in the northeast contains mainly late Neoarchean (2.57–2.52 Ga) magmatic rocks with minor Mesoarchean (∼3.1 Ga) crustal materials. We summarize the formation mechanism, essential features, and identification marks of the Archean orogenic belt, and conclude that the Eastern Liaoning Range experienced the following four stages of Neoarchean geodynamic evolution. (1) In the early Neoarchean (2.71–2.68 Ga), intra-oceanic subduction generated the ∼ 2.7 Ga island arc belt (proto-Waitoushan-Weiziyu-Jiubing microplate); (2) The 2.60–2.56 Ga warm subduction of oceanic slabs reformed proto-Liaobei microplate, and re-deformed the residual ∼ 2.7 Ga island arc belt; (3) During 2.56–2.54 Ga, the Waitoushan-Weiziyu-Jiubing microplate and Liaobei microplate were amalgamated by an ‘arc-arc’ collision; (4) At the end of Archean (2.54–2.50 Ga), the Waitoushan-Weiziyu-Jiubing microplate + Liaobei microplate and proto-Anshan-Benxi microplate were finally aggregated through the ‘arc-proto-continental’ collision, forming a unified crystalline basement of the Eastern Liaoning Range. Our work suggests that the short-term, small-scale subduction-collision orogenic cycles within pristine plate tectonic regimes played a crucial role in the Neoarchean crustal growth and evolution of the North China Craton.

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华北克拉通东北部新太古代造山带演化：对早期地球微板块重建的启示

古造山带的识别和详细研究是认识早期大陆地壳形成和演化的重要科学问题之一。然而，由于后期构造热事件的强烈干扰，古造山带的原始构造难以识别，使得早期微板块的形成机制和演化过程难以重建。本文利用新太古代构造-岩浆作用的时空演化，对华北克拉通新太古代大陆地壳的造山过程进行了追踪。区域岩石组合、构造地质、年代学、地球化学和同位素特征研究表明，华北克拉通东北部辽宁东部太古代结晶基底可划分为3个构造带，每个构造带都有独立的构造-热演化过程。因此，我们认为这些是独立的地面，即微板块。西南部鞍山-本溪微板块为~ 3.8 ~ ~ 2.9 Ga古陆核，具有丰富的新太古代（2.54 ~ 2.49 Ga）壳源富k20花岗岩类。中心的外头山-涠洲-九冰微板块主要由~ 2.7 Ga的闪长岩-闪长岩套和2.6 ~ 2.5 Ga的多样化花岗岩类组成，并有古海洋岩石圈的残余。东北辽北微板块主要含新太古代晚期（2.57 ~ 2.52 Ga）岩浆岩，少量中太古代（~ 3.1 Ga）地壳物质。总结了太古宙造山带的形成机制、基本特征和识别标志，认为辽东地区经历了新太古代地球动力学演化的四个阶段。(1)新太古代早期（2.71 ~ 2.68 Ga），洋内俯冲形成了~ 2.7 Ga岛弧带（原waitoushan - weizyu - jiubing微板块）；(2) 2.60 ~ 2.56 Ga洋板块的暖俯冲改造了原辽北微板块，并对残留的~ 2.7 Ga岛弧带进行了再变形；(3) 2.56 ~ 2.54 Ga期间，外头山-涠洲-九冰微板块与辽北微板块在“弧-弧”碰撞中合并；(4)太古宙末（2.54 ~ 2.50 Ga），外头山-涠洲-九兵微板块+辽北微板块与原鞍山-本溪微板块最终通过“弧-原大陆”碰撞聚合在一起，形成了统一的辽东山脉结晶基底。我们的研究表明，在原始板块构造制度下，短期、小规模的俯冲碰撞造山旋回在华北克拉通新太古代地壳生长和演化中起着至关重要的作用。

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来源期刊

Precambrian Research 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

28.90%

发文量

325

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Precambrian Research publishes studies on all aspects of the early stages of the composition, structure and evolution of the Earth and its planetary neighbours. With a focus on process-oriented and comparative studies, it covers, but is not restricted to, subjects such as: (1) Chemical, biological, biochemical and cosmochemical evolution; the origin of life; the evolution of the oceans and atmosphere; the early fossil record; palaeobiology; (2) Geochronology and isotope and elemental geochemistry; (3) Precambrian mineral deposits; (4) Geophysical aspects of the early Earth and Precambrian terrains; (5) Nature, formation and evolution of the Precambrian lithosphere and mantle including magmatic, depositional, metamorphic and tectonic processes. In addition, the editors particularly welcome integrated process-oriented studies that involve a combination of the above fields and comparative studies that demonstrate the effect of Precambrian evolution on Phanerozoic earth system processes. Regional and localised studies of Precambrian phenomena are considered appropriate only when the detail and quality allow illustration of a wider process, or when significant gaps in basic knowledge of a particular area can be filled.