Nonlinear dynamic response of multi-satellite stack: Theoretical analysis and physical model experiments

Abstract

The development of low-orbit Internet constellations is a major priority in contemporary aerospace engineering, with the Multi-Satellite Stack emerging as a prominent method for high-capacity satellite deployment. This method involves a flat-panel satellite where adjacent layers of load-bearing columns are directly in contact, and uniform compression is applied through a connecting rod. The inherent multiple connection surfaces in this structure introduce complex nonlinear dynamic challenges. This study explores the lateral dynamic response of the Multi-Satellite Stack. By applying principles of structural composition, we develop theoretical models for the connection surfaces, load-bearing column stacks, connecting rods, and plates, accounting for parameters and state variables affected by slip. A comprehensive nonlinear dynamic model is derived from the force transmission relationships among these components. To validate the theoretical model, we design an equivalent physical model based on dynamic similarity criteria and conduct modal experiments and frequency response experiments to evaluate the effects of excitation amplitude and preload on assembly dynamics. The paper further examines the influence of structural parameters, including friction coefficient, elastic modulus of load-bearing columns and plates, on the assembly dynamics. This study provides a methodological framework for optimizing the structural design and stiffness matching requirements of the Multi-Satellite Stack in aerospace applications.