Tailored bandgap grading in CsSnI3-xBrx all inorganic perovskite solar cells with 2D MXene electrodes: A path to high-efficiency photovoltaics

IF 2.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER

Solid State Communications Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI:10.1016/j.ssc.2025.115840

Navdeep Kaur , Jaya Madan , Rosa Belén Ramos Jiménez , Diego Ramiro Ñacato Estrella , Rahul Pandey

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The incorporation of lead in perovskite solar cell (PSC) designs poses substantial environmental risks. In this context, tin-based perovskites are the probable aspirant, for the design of PSC, which possess similar chemical properties as lead. Additionally, Cs⁺ inorganic perovskites are gaining traction due to impressive stable PV performance, and to address the stability concerns associated with hybrid perovskite material. This study delves into investigating the photovoltaic (PV) performance of bandgap graded CsSnI_3-xBr_x (x = 0 to 3) tin associated all-inorganic perovskite solar cell (TAI-PSC) using SCAPS-1D simulator. Moreover, this novel approach integrates 2D MXene as electrodes, eliminating the need for electron and hole transport layers (ETL/HTL), resulting in a more cost-effective PSC design. The proposed solar cell Zr₂C-F (Zirconium carbide, surface termination with fluorine atoms/CsSnI_3-xBr_x (x = 0 to 3)/Ta₄C₃-O (Tantalum carbide, surface termination with oxygen atoms) where CsSnI_3-xBr_x (x = 0 to 3) serves as a light harvest layer, exhibited variation in energy bandgap/affinity with bromide concentration x, while deploying bandgap grading. By optimizing the light absorption and charge carrier dynamics, bandgap grading enhances the photovoltaic (PV) performance of solar cells. The work function of adopted 2D MXene Zr₂C-F (as the top electrode) and Ta₄C₃-O (as the bottom electrode) is 4.01 eV and 5.36 eV, respectively. This work has adopted the parabolic and exponential-graded active layers, enhanced the light spectrum absorption and generating more electron-hole pairs (EHP). The PV performance of graded CsSnI_3-xBr_x (x = 0 to 3) TAI-PSC with 2D MXene layers is remarkable, achieving power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 33.66 % for parabolic grading and 34.51 % for exponential grading, respectively. This investigation provides a window of opportunity for researchers to design ETL/HTL-free, cost-effective, ecologically friendly PSC, and underscores the potential of integrating 2D MXene as end electrodes.

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来源期刊

Solid State Communications 物理-物理：凝聚态物理

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

4.80%

发文量

287

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Solid State Communications is an international medium for the publication of short communications and original research articles on significant developments in condensed matter science, giving scientists immediate access to important, recently completed work. The journal publishes original experimental and theoretical research on the physical and chemical properties of solids and other condensed systems and also on their preparation. The submission of manuscripts reporting research on the basic physics of materials science and devices, as well as of state-of-the-art microstructures and nanostructures, is encouraged. A coherent quantitative treatment emphasizing new physics is expected rather than a simple accumulation of experimental data. Consistent with these aims, the short communications should be kept concise and short, usually not longer than six printed pages. The number of figures and tables should also be kept to a minimum. Solid State Communications now also welcomes original research articles without length restrictions. The Fast-Track section of Solid State Communications is the venue for very rapid publication of short communications on significant developments in condensed matter science. The goal is to offer the broad condensed matter community quick and immediate access to publish recently completed papers in research areas that are rapidly evolving and in which there are developments with great potential impact.