Modeling the Emission and Polarization Properties of Pulsating Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources

IF 1.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Astronomische Nachrichten Pub Date : 2025-01-26 DOI:10.1002/asna.20240129

S. Conforti, L. Zampieri, R. Taverna, R. Turolla, N. Brice, F. Pintore, G. L. Israel

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Abstract

Pulsating Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (PULXs) are a class of extragalactic sources with high X-ray luminosity, in excess of $10^{39}$ erg $s^{- 1}$ , and showing pulsations that associate them with neutron stars accreting at a super-Eddington rate. A simplified model is presented, which describes the thermal emission from an accreting, highly magnetized neutron star and includes the contributions from an accretion disk and an accretion envelope surrounding the star magnetosphere. Through numerical calculations, we determine the flux, pulsed fractions, polarization degree, and polarization angle considering various viewing geometries. The model is confronted with the XMM-Newton spectra of M51 ULX-7, and the best fitting viewing geometries are estimated. A measurement of the polarization observables, which will be available with future facilities, along with spectroscopic data obtained with XMM-Newton, will provide considerable additional information on these sources.

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模拟脉冲超亮x射线源的发射和偏振特性

脉冲超亮x射线源（PULXs）是一类具有高x射线光度的河外源。超过10 39 $$ {10}^{39} $$ erg s−1 $$ {\mathrm{s}}^{-1} $$，并显示出与中子星以超爱丁顿速度吸积有关的脉动。提出了一个简化的模型，该模型描述了一颗吸积的高磁化中子星的热辐射，并包括了恒星磁层周围的吸积盘和吸积包层的贡献。通过数值计算，确定了考虑不同观察几何形状的光通量、脉冲分量、偏振度和偏振角。该模型与M51 ULX-7的XMM-Newton光谱进行了比较，估计了最佳拟合观测几何形状。对偏振观测的测量，连同xmm -牛顿获得的光谱数据，将在未来的设施中提供相当多的额外信息。

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来源期刊

Astronomische Nachrichten 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

11.10%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Astronomische Nachrichten, founded in 1821 by H. C. Schumacher, is the oldest astronomical journal worldwide still being published. Famous astronomical discoveries and important papers on astronomy and astrophysics published in more than 300 volumes of the journal give an outstanding representation of the progress of astronomical research over the last 180 years. Today, Astronomical Notes/ Astronomische Nachrichten publishes articles in the field of observational and theoretical astrophysics and related topics in solar-system and solar physics. Additional, papers on astronomical instrumentation ground-based and space-based as well as papers about numerical astrophysical techniques and supercomputer modelling are covered. Papers can be completed by short video sequences in the electronic version. Astronomical Notes/ Astronomische Nachrichten also publishes special issues of meeting proceedings.