Carry-Over Effect of Leguminous Winter Cover Crops and Living Mulches on Winter Wheat as a Second Main Crop Following White Cabbage

IF 2.6 3区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI:10.1002/jpln.202300362

Sophie Stein, Sabine Zikeli, Kurt Möller

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The direct effect of winter cover crops (WCCs) or living mulches (LMs) on a first vegetable crop has already been investigated. However, little is known about the effect on growth and yield of a second cash crop in the rotation.

Aims

The aim of the study was to assess the carry-over effect of legumes grown as WCC or LM on winter wheat as a second crop after cabbage, measured in yield and nitrogen release.

Methods

Two field trials were carried out in Germany between 2019 and 2022. In the WCC trial, rye, rye with vetch, vetch, pea, and faba bean were used as WCC and compared to bare soil. The WCC biomass was incorporated before cabbage planting in late spring. For the LM trial, perennial ryegrass or white clover was used as LM during cabbage cultivation and compared to bare soil. The LM biomass was incorporated with the cabbage residues and compared to an early incorporation of LM biomass before cabbage planting. In both trials, winter wheat was sown in the fall as the second following main crop in the rotation.

Results

Leguminous WCC species had significant higher wheat yield compared to non-legumes but not compared to the control without WCC. Late incorporation of LM biomass resulted in increased wheat yield at 10.1–10.4 Mg ha⁻¹ compared to an early incorporation before cabbage planting at 9.35 Mg ha⁻¹. Net N releases show that for WCC, the main effect of legume nitrogen fixation is achieved in the first crop cabbage immediately after incorporation of WCC biomass. In the case of leguminous LM, the effects of legume nitrogen fixation are of much higher relevance in the second main crop, winter wheat, due to LM biomass incorporation after cabbage cultivation.

Conclusion

Therefore, we suggest to consider not only the direct but also the carry-over effects of leguminous cover cropping in vegetable crop rotations.

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豆科冬盖作物和活膜对冬小麦的结转效应

研究了冬季覆盖作物（WCCs）或生物地膜（LMs）对初生蔬菜作物的直接影响。然而，人们对轮作中第二种经济作物的生长和产量的影响知之甚少。该研究的目的是评估豆类作为WCC或LM种植对冬小麦的携带效应，作为白菜之后的第二作物，测量产量和氮释放。方法2019 - 2022年在德国开展2项野外试验。以黑麦、黑麦配紫薇、紫薇、豌豆和蚕豆为WCC，并与裸地进行比较。晚春白菜种植前掺入WCC生物量。在白菜栽培过程中，以多年生黑麦草或白三叶作为基质，并与裸地进行比较。将LM生物量与白菜残茬混合，并与白菜种植前LM生物量的早期混合进行比较。在两个试验中，冬小麦在秋季播种，作为轮作的第二种主要作物。结果豆科WCC品种的小麦产量显著高于非豆科品种，但不高于没有WCC的对照。与种植卷心菜之前的9.35 Mg ha - 1相比，晚施用LM生物量可使小麦产量增加10.1-10.4 Mg ha - 1。净氮释放量表明，对WCC而言，豆科植物固氮的主要效果是在加入WCC生物量后立即在第一作物白菜上实现的。以豆科植物LM为例，豆科植物的固氮效应与第二主要作物冬小麦的相关性要高得多，这是由于白菜栽培后LM生物量的补充。结论建议在蔬菜轮作中，不仅要考虑豆科作物覆盖的直接效应，还要考虑豆科作物覆盖的结转效应。

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来源期刊

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Established in 1922, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to cover the entire spectrum of plant nutrition and soil science from different scale units, e.g. agroecosystem to natural systems. With its wide scope and focus on soil-plant interactions, JPNSS is one of the leading journals on this topic. Articles in JPNSS include reviews, high-standard original papers, and short communications and represent challenging research of international significance. The Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science is one of the world’s oldest journals. You can trust in a peer-reviewed journal that has been established in the plant and soil science community for almost 100 years. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (ISSN 1436-8730) is published in six volumes per year, by the German Societies of Plant Nutrition (DGP) and Soil Science (DBG). Furthermore, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is a Cooperating Journal of the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS). The journal is produced by Wiley-VCH. Topical Divisions of the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science that are receiving increasing attention are: JPNSS – Topical Divisions Special timely focus in interdisciplinarity: - sustainability & critical zone science. Soil-Plant Interactions: - rhizosphere science & soil ecology - pollutant cycling & plant-soil protection - land use & climate change. Soil Science: - soil chemistry & soil physics - soil biology & biogeochemistry - soil genesis & mineralogy. Plant Nutrition: - plant nutritional physiology - nutrient dynamics & soil fertility - ecophysiological aspects of plant nutrition.