Using Patterns of Post-Fire Plant Reproduction to Inform Minimum Fire Intervals for Conservation Management in a Fire-Prone Woodland

IF 1.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Austral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI:10.1111/aec.70023
Russell G. Miller, Neal J. Enright, David J. Merritt, Ben P. Miller, Joseph B. Fontaine
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The time interval between fires is a critical component of the fire regime that affects plant species persistence in fire-prone ecosystems. Fire intervals that are too short or too long may not support regeneration from seed banks or resprouting. Fire intervals that support adequate regeneration may also vary with other factors such as climate, herbivory, and population structure. Using field data on flowering and canopy seed banks, we modelled post-fire reproduction for woody fire-killed (obligate seeding) and resprouting species under varying rainfall and herbivory along a 35-year fire age chronosequence in Banksia woodlands in southwestern Australia. We found that fire-killed species attained reproductive maturity rapidly after fire with predicted juvenile periods (time to 50% flowering) of 1.5–2.3 years for shrubs and 4 years for trees. Resprouting species had similar juvenile periods to fire-killed species (1–3.5 years for resprouting shrubs, 4.4 years for resprouting trees). Reproduction varied with rainfall and herbivory with juvenile periods at least doubling under low rainfall or high herbivory for some species. Serotinous species produced cones (woody fruits containing seeds) shortly after flowering commenced, with some evidence of seed bank decline in the oldest sites. While reproduction was clearly correlated with time since fire, plant size was a much stronger predictor. Some species form multi-cohort populations which can introduce large variation into post-fire reproductive trajectories, and this should be considered when making decisions about fire intervals that may impact species persistence. This study provides critical information to assess fire interval-related threats for Banksia woodlands and suggests that woody species of these woodlands are generally tolerant of a wide range of fire intervals. Only the slowest-maturing, fire-killed species (Banksia prionotes, Proteaceae) may require fire intervals > 10 years to reduce immaturity risk under the least favourable growing conditions, and this species often occurs in discrete patches in the landscape such that fire management can be tailored accordingly.

Abstract Image

利用火灾后植物繁殖模式为火灾易发林地的保护管理提供最小火灾间隔
火灾之间的时间间隔是影响易发火灾生态系统中植物物种持久性的火灾制度的关键组成部分。太短或太长的射击间隔可能不支持种子库的再生或再生。支持足够更新的火灾间隔也可能因气候、草食和人口结构等其他因素而变化。利用开花和冠层种子库的野外数据,我们沿着澳大利亚西南部Banksia林地35年的火龄时间序列,模拟了不同降雨和草食条件下木质火死(专门播种)和再生物种的火后繁殖。结果表明,火杀树种在火灾后迅速达到生殖成熟,预计稚期(开花至50%的时间)为1.5 ~ 2.3年,乔木为4年。再生灌木的幼龄为1 ~ 3.5年,再生乔木的幼龄为4.4年。繁殖随降雨量和草食性的变化而变化,在低降雨量或高草食性条件下,某些物种的幼期至少增加一倍。在最古老的遗址中,有一些证据表明种子库在开始开花后不久就产生了球果(含有种子的木本果实)。虽然繁殖与火灾发生后的时间明显相关,但植物大小是一个更强的预测因素。一些物种形成多种群,这可能会给火灾后的生殖轨迹带来很大的变化,在决定可能影响物种持久性的火灾间隔时应考虑到这一点。该研究为评估Banksia林地的火灾间隔相关威胁提供了重要信息,并表明这些林地的木本物种通常能够耐受大范围的火灾间隔。在最不利的生长条件下,只有成熟最慢、被火杀死的物种(Banksia prionotes, Proteaceae)可能需要10年的火灾间隔来减少不成熟的风险,而且这些物种通常出现在景观中离散的斑块中,因此可以相应地调整火灾管理。
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来源期刊
Austral Ecology
Austral Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
117
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Austral Ecology is the premier journal for basic and applied ecology in the Southern Hemisphere. As the official Journal of The Ecological Society of Australia (ESA), Austral Ecology addresses the commonality between ecosystems in Australia and many parts of southern Africa, South America, New Zealand and Oceania. For example many species in the unique biotas of these regions share common Gondwana ancestors. ESA''s aim is to publish innovative research to encourage the sharing of information and experiences that enrich the understanding of the ecology of the Southern Hemisphere. Austral Ecology involves an editorial board with representatives from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Brazil and Argentina. These representatives provide expert opinions, access to qualified reviewers and act as a focus for attracting a wide range of contributions from countries across the region. Austral Ecology publishes original papers describing experimental, observational or theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine or freshwater systems, which are considered without taxonomic bias. Special thematic issues are published regularly, including symposia on the ecology of estuaries and soft sediment habitats, freshwater systems and coral reef fish.
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