Nonlinear thermal radiation effects on bioconvection nano fluid flow over a convectively heated plate

Abstract

Nonlinear density variation and nonlinear thermal radiation's effects on the bioconvection of a nano-liquid film in a convectively heated channel are examined in this article. This article examines a thin film that gravitationally pulls along a channel, containing both nanoparticles and gyrotactic bacteria. By using similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations for momentum, energy, nanoparticle concentration, and microbe density are transformed into ordinary differential equations and numerically solved using the legendary spectral collocation method in Mathematica and demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy in modeling complex flow behaviors. The findings demonstrate that while nonlinear density effects are essential for enhancing nanoparticle dispersion and bioconvection patterns, nonlinear thermal radiation greatly improves heat transfer and fluid velocity. Numerous flow parameters' effects on the flow profiles are investigated, including the parameter of Brownian motion, the Rayleigh number for bioconvection, and the density parameters of nonlinear motile microorganisms. The outcomes show that the influence of nonlinear parameters increases heat and mass efficiency transmission in the system by reducing temperature and concentration gradients. The study provides useful information on how to enhance cooling techniques and energy efficiency for a range of industrial applications, such as solar panels, thermal regulation in electronics, and chemical processes. Additionally, it highlights the potential application of gyrotactic microorganisms in conjunction with nanofluids to enhance pollutant removal in environmental systems.