A Phase I/II Study of Ultra-Hypofractionated Carbon-ion Radiation therapy for Low- and Intermediate-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer

IF 2.2 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Advances in Radiation Oncology Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI:10.1016/j.adro.2024.101705

Noriyuki Okonogi MD, PhD , Hiroshi Tsuji MD, PhD , Kana Kobayashi MD, PhD , Mio Nakajima MD, PhD , Shuri Aoki MD, PhD , Takanobu Utsumi MD, PhD , Hiroyoshi Suzuki MD, PhD , Koichiro Akakura MD, PhD , Tomohiko Ichikawa MD, PhD , Hitoshi Ishikawa MD, PhD

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Abstract

Purpose

We report herein the 3-year results of a phase I/II prospective study of 4-fraction course of carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT) in patients with localized prostate cancer.

Methods and Materials

The present was a single-institution, phase I/II prospective study including patients with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer, as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network criteria. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to a 1- or 2-week schedule. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were defined as any genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity grade 3 or higher within 90 days of beginning CIRT. Ten patients were enrolled in each group, and the CIRT dose was increased in a stepwise manner if there were fewer than 4 cases of DLT. The initial CIRT dose was 36 Gy, followed by 40 Gy or 44 Gy. Low-risk patients did not receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), whereas intermediate-risk patients received 4 to 8 months of neoadjuvant ADT.

Results

Between October 2018 and October 2020, 60 patients were enrolled in the present study and completed the treatment regimen. The median post-CIRT follow-up period was 42 months (range, 27-59 months). Of the 60 patients enrolled, 10 were in the low-risk group, and 50 were in the intermediate-risk group. Neither group experienced grade 3 or higher GI or GU adverse events; therefore, no dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The incidence of grade 2 GU toxicity within 90 days post CIRT was significantly higher in the 44 Gy group than in the 36 to 40 Gy group (P < .01, chi-square test with Yates correction). Biochemical failure was observed in 3 cases by 3 years post CIRT. No clinical recurrence or death because of prostate cancer occurred.

Conclusions

Forty Gy in 4 fractions of CIRT may be appropriate for balancing the therapeutic effects and toxicity. Our findings support further investigations into the efficacy of this strategy.

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来源期刊

Advances in Radiation Oncology Medicine-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

4.30%

发文量

208

审稿时长

98 days

期刊介绍： The purpose of Advances is to provide information for clinicians who use radiation therapy by publishing: Clinical trial reports and reanalyses. Basic science original reports. Manuscripts examining health services research, comparative and cost effectiveness research, and systematic reviews. Case reports documenting unusual problems and solutions. High quality multi and single institutional series, as well as other novel retrospective hypothesis generating series. Timely critical reviews on important topics in radiation oncology, such as side effects. Articles reporting the natural history of disease and patterns of failure, particularly as they relate to treatment volume delineation. Articles on safety and quality in radiation therapy. Essays on clinical experience. Articles on practice transformation in radiation oncology, in particular: Aspects of health policy that may impact the future practice of radiation oncology. How information technology, such as data analytics and systems innovations, will change radiation oncology practice. Articles on imaging as they relate to radiation therapy treatment.