OP-5 ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE (ACLF) CRITERIA IN ALCOHOL-ASSOCIATED HEPATITIS: IMPLICATIONS FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

Abstract

Conflict of interest

No

Introduction and Objectives

Background: Severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is considered a common precipitant of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). This study aims to characterize the association between AH and ACLF, focusing on mortality across different ACLF grades.

Patients / Materials and Methods

Multicenter prospective cohort study. We included patients admitted with severe AH between 2015–2022. The main outcome was mortality by ACLF grade during admission. The analysis included survival analysis using Cox regression. We adjusted multivariable models based on the main predictors of mortality observed in prior studies.

Results and Discussion

We prospectively included 646 patients from 24 centers and 8 countries. Age 49.9±11.7 years, 85.1% of men and 64.4% had a previous diagnosis of cirrhosis. Median MELD at admission was 25 [20-31] points, 46.5% of patients were treated with corticosteroids, and only 2.2% underwent liver transplantation (LT). Around 67.4% of patients fulfilled ACLF criteria: 10.1% grade 1, 19.2% grade 2, and 38.1% grade 3. The most frequent organ dysfunctions were 76.2% liver, 40.8% brain, 43.2% coagulation, 29.6% renal, 29.4% circulatory, and 18.9% lung failure. Survival at 180 days was 77.8% (95%CI: 72.1-82.6%) in those without ACLF grade 3 and 28.0% (95%CI: 20.5–36.0%) in those with ACLF grade 3 (p<0.001). In the multivariable model adjusted by age, body mass index, and MELD score, individuals with ACLF grade 3 had lower survival than those without ACLF (HR 2.67, 95%CI: 1.50–4.76; p=0.001). However, those with ACLF grade 1 (HR 1.50, 95%CI: 0.76–2.96; p=0.243) and grade 2 (HR 0.70, 95%CI: 0.31–1.56; p=0.380) were not associated with a higher mortality than those without ACLF.

Conclusions

Among patients with AH, only ACLF grade 3 is a major determinant of morbimortality. Thus, patients who fulfill ACLF grade 3 should promptly be referred for early LT. The redefinition of ACLF in AH is essential for better quantifying the severity and determining therapeutic goals.