Maternal and fetal outcomes of autoimmune hepatitis in pregnancy: A United States hospitalized patient study

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102544

Xi Li , Jing Zhang , Sheza Malik , Aakriti Jain , Mingyuan Wang , Chengu Niu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the liver, with a higher prevalence among women of reproductive age. The latest nationwide statistics regarding its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy are lacking.

Aims

To analyze the real impact of AIH on maternal and fetal outcomes in hospitalized delivery patients, and provide theoretical guidance for comprehensive clinical management.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the 2016–2020 National Inpatient Sample database in the United States. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influence of AIH on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy.

Results

A total of 17,825,445 hospitalized delivery patients were included, among which 1,185 had AIH. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, compared to hospitalized delivery patients without AIH, the AIH group exhibited significantly higher rates of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including hypertension complications of pregnancy (AOR 1.68, 95 % CI 1.09–2.58), preterm birth (AOR 2.89, 95 % CI 1.91–4.38), fetal growth restriction (AOR 2.21, 95 % CI 1.34–3.64), and fetal death (AOR 4.13, 95 % CI 1.33–12.83). AIH showed no association with cesarean section or large fetus. In the group of delivery in patients with AIH, patients who develop hypertensive disorders have a higher probability of concomitant diabetes mellitus (OR 6.85, 95 % CI 2.19–21.45), hypertension (OR 4.64, 95 % CI 1.68–12.82), and obesity (OR 3.06, 95 % CI 1.26–7.42). Additionally, AIH patients incurred higher total costs and longer hospital stays during the delivery hospitalization.

Conclusion

Patients with AIH face an increased risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, and fetal death during delivery. It is crucial to enhance awareness of these potential occurrence risks.

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妊娠期自身免疫性肝炎的母婴结局：一项美国住院患者研究

背景：自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）是一种主要影响肝脏的慢性炎症性疾病，在育龄妇女中发病率较高。缺乏关于其对怀孕期间孕产妇和胎儿结局影响的最新全国统计数据。目的：分析AIH对住院分娩患者母胎结局的真实影响，为临床综合管理提供理论指导。方法：使用美国2016-2020年国家住院患者样本数据库的数据进行回顾性分析。采用多因素logistic回归分析评估AIH对妊娠期母胎结局的影响。结果：共纳入住院分娩患者17825445例，其中AIH 1185例。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，与没有AIH的住院分娩患者相比，AIH组的不良母婴结局发生率明显更高，包括妊娠高血压并发症（AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.09-2.58）、早产（AOR 2.89, 95% CI 1.91-4.38）、胎儿生长受限（AOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.34-3.64）和胎儿死亡（AOR 4.13, 95% CI 1.33-12.83）。AIH与剖宫产和大胎无相关性。在AIH患者分娩组中，发生高血压疾病的患者合并糖尿病（OR 6.85, 95% CI 2.19-21.45）、高血压（OR 4.64, 95% CI 1.68-12.82）和肥胖（OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.26-7.42）的概率更高。此外，AIH患者在分娩住院期间总费用较高，住院时间较长。结论：AIH患者面临妊娠期高血压疾病、早产、胎儿生长受限和分娩时胎儿死亡的风险增加。提高对这些潜在发生风险的认识至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

3.70%

发文量

198

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology publishes high-quality original research papers in the field of hepatology and gastroenterology. The editors put the accent on rapid communication of new research and clinical developments and so called "hot topic" issues. Following a clear Editorial line, besides original articles and case reports, each issue features editorials, commentaries and reviews. The journal encourages research and discussion between all those involved in the specialty on an international level. All articles are peer reviewed by international experts, the articles in press are online and indexed in the international databases (Current Contents, Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct). Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology is a subscription journal (with optional open access), which allows you to publish your research without any cost to you (unless you proactively chose the open access option). Your article will be available to all researchers around the globe whose institution has a subscription to the journal.