Luciano Cesar Pozzobon, Gustavo Akira Toma, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira, Rafael Kretschmer, Thales Renato Ochotorena de Freitas
{"title":"Karyotype evolution of suliformes and description of a ♂Z<sub>1</sub>Z<sub>1</sub>Z<sub>2</sub>Z<sub>2</sub>/♀Z<sub>1</sub>Z<sub>2</sub>W multiple sex chromosome system in boobies (<i>Sula</i> spp.).","authors":"Luciano Cesar Pozzobon, Gustavo Akira Toma, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira, Rafael Kretschmer, Thales Renato Ochotorena de Freitas","doi":"10.1139/gen-2024-0165","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our comprehension of avian karyotypes still needs to be improved, especially for Suliform birds. To enhance understanding of chromosomal evolution in this order, we conducted conventional and molecular cytogenetic analysis in five species, named <i>Sula dactylatra</i>, <i>Sula</i> <i>leucogaster</i>, <i>Sula sula</i> (Sulidae), <i>Fregata magnificens</i> (Fregatidae), and <i>Nannopterum brasilianum</i> (Phalacrocoracidae). The diploid chromosome number for <i>S. dactylatra</i> and <i>S. leucogaster</i> was established as 2<i>n</i> = 76 in males, and 2<i>n</i> = 75 in females, but <i>S</i>. <i>sula</i> displayed a karyotype of 2<i>n</i> = 76 chromosomes in males. The disparity in diploid chromosome numbers between male and female <i>Sula</i> is due to a multiple sex chromosome system of the Z<sub>1</sub>Z<sub>1</sub>Z<sub>2</sub>Z<sub>2</sub>/Z<sub>1</sub>Z<sub>2</sub>W type. We propose that the emergence of this multiple-sex chromosome system resulted from a Robertsonian translocation involving the W chromosome and the smallest microchromosome. <i>Fregata magnificens</i> exhibited a diploid number 76 (2<i>n</i> = 76), while <i>N. brasilianum</i> displayed a diploid number of 74 (2<i>n</i> = 74) in both sexes. The ribosomal cluster was located in one microchromosome pair in <i>S. dactylatra</i>, <i>S. leucogaster</i>, <i>S. sula</i>, and <i>F. magnificens</i> and in four pairs in <i>N. brasilianum</i>. Our findings provide evidence of a conserved multiple-sex chromosome system within the <i>Sula</i> genus, shedding light on the high karyotype diversity in Suliformes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12809,"journal":{"name":"Genome","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Genome","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2024-0165","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Our comprehension of avian karyotypes still needs to be improved, especially for Suliform birds. To enhance understanding of chromosomal evolution in this order, we conducted conventional and molecular cytogenetic analysis in five species, named Sula dactylatra, Sulaleucogaster, Sula sula (Sulidae), Fregata magnificens (Fregatidae), and Nannopterum brasilianum (Phalacrocoracidae). The diploid chromosome number for S. dactylatra and S. leucogaster was established as 2n = 76 in males, and 2n = 75 in females, but S. sula displayed a karyotype of 2n = 76 chromosomes in males. The disparity in diploid chromosome numbers between male and female Sula is due to a multiple sex chromosome system of the Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W type. We propose that the emergence of this multiple-sex chromosome system resulted from a Robertsonian translocation involving the W chromosome and the smallest microchromosome. Fregata magnificens exhibited a diploid number 76 (2n = 76), while N. brasilianum displayed a diploid number of 74 (2n = 74) in both sexes. The ribosomal cluster was located in one microchromosome pair in S. dactylatra, S. leucogaster, S. sula, and F. magnificens and in four pairs in N. brasilianum. Our findings provide evidence of a conserved multiple-sex chromosome system within the Sula genus, shedding light on the high karyotype diversity in Suliformes.
期刊介绍:
Genome is a monthly journal, established in 1959, that publishes original research articles, reviews, mini-reviews, current opinions, and commentaries. Areas of interest include general genetics and genomics, cytogenetics, molecular and evolutionary genetics, developmental genetics, population genetics, phylogenomics, molecular identification, as well as emerging areas such as ecological, comparative, and functional genomics.