Effects of socioeconomic and human-modified landscape variables on medicinal species richness at a macroscale: the case of the Caatinga, Brazil.

IF 2.9 2区 医学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Aníbal Silva Cantalice, Thiago Gonçalves-Souza, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Ethnobiological studies at local scales have shown that knowledge of medicinal species tends to decrease as socioeconomic status and the extent of human-modified landscapes increase. However, it remains largely unknown whether these same factors can predict knowledge of useful species at broader scales and whether their interaction might create scenarios that enhance knowledge of medicinal species.

Methods: To address this, we tested whether knowledge of woody medicinal species-measured as the number of species known-is influenced by socioeconomic status, human-modified landscapes, and their interaction. We compiled and curated data on woody medicinal species from a systematic review encompassing diverse communities across the Caatinga region in North-east Brazil. Using the locations of these communities, we extracted data on socioeconomic status (measured by the Human Development Index, HDI) and human-modified landscapes (quantified as the percentage of forest loss).

Results: Our results indicate that forest loss reduces the knowledge of medicinal woody species among Indigenous People and Local Communities. The interaction between human-modified landscapes and socioeconomic status revealed a significant nonlinear relationship, with different combinations yielding varying levels of knowledge about woody medicinal species. Interestingly, socioeconomic status alone does not appear to influence this knowledge. These findings underscore that the processes shaping knowledge of medicinal species differ across scales and suggest the existence of yet unidentified emergent properties that influence medicinal species knowledge at broader scales.

Conclusion: The conversion of habitats for anthropogenic use poses a significant risk to the well-being of these populations, as it reduces the availability of species used for prophylactic purposes. In contrast, the cultural traditions of Indigenous People and Local Communities, along with the implementation of regional public policies, may explain why socioeconomic status does not affect local knowledge. Moreover, our study highlights that the processes influencing knowledge of medicinal species at broader scales are not simply the aggregation of local-scale observations. Finally, we propose strategies to advance the field of macroethnobiology.

宏观尺度上社会经济和人为改变的景观变量对药用物种丰富度的影响:以巴西卡廷加为例
背景:地方尺度的民族生物学研究表明,随着社会经济地位和人类改造景观程度的增加,对药用物种的了解趋于减少。然而,这些相同的因素是否能够在更广泛的尺度上预测有用物种的知识,以及它们的相互作用是否可能创造出增强药用物种知识的情景,这在很大程度上仍然是未知的。方法:为了解决这个问题,我们测试了木本药用物种的知识(以已知物种的数量来衡量)是否受到社会经济地位、人类改造景观及其相互作用的影响。我们从巴西东北部Caatinga地区不同社区的系统综述中收集和整理了木质药用物种的数据。利用这些社区的位置,我们提取了社会经济地位(以人类发展指数HDI衡量)和人类改造景观(以森林损失百分比量化)的数据。结果:森林的消失减少了土著居民和当地社区对药用木本物种的认识。人类改造景观与社会经济状况的交互作用呈现出显著的非线性关系,不同的组合产生不同的木本药用物种知识水平。有趣的是,社会经济地位本身似乎并不影响这种认识。这些发现强调了形成药用物种知识的过程在不同的尺度上有所不同,并表明存在尚未确定的新兴特性,这些特性会在更广泛的尺度上影响药用物种知识。结论:人为利用栖息地的转变对这些种群的福祉构成了重大风险,因为它减少了用于预防目的的物种的可用性。相比之下,土著人民和当地社区的文化传统,以及区域公共政策的实施,可以解释为什么社会经济地位不影响当地知识。此外,我们的研究强调,在更广泛的尺度上影响药用物种知识的过程不仅仅是局部尺度观测的聚集。最后,提出了宏观民族生物学研究的发展策略。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
66
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine publishes original research focusing on cultural perceptions of nature and of human and animal health. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine invites research articles, reviews and commentaries concerning the investigations of the inextricable links between human societies and nature, food, and health. Specifically, the journal covers the following topics: ethnobotany, ethnomycology, ethnozoology, ethnoecology (including ethnopedology), ethnogastronomy, ethnomedicine, ethnoveterinary, as well as all related areas in environmental, nutritional, and medical anthropology. Research focusing on the implications that the inclusion of humanistic, cultural, and social dimensions have in understanding the biological word is also welcome, as well as its potential projections in public health-centred, nutritional, and environmental policies.
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