Effect of Physical Exercise on Telomere Length: Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 5 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

JMIR Aging Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI:10.2196/64539

Juan Luis Sánchez-González, Juan Luis Sánchez-Rodríguez, Rogelio González-Sarmiento, Víctor Navarro-López, Raúl Juárez-Vela, Jesús Pérez, Javier Martín-Vallejo

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Abstract

Background: Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular health and aging. Physical exercise has been associated with longer telomeres and, therefore, healthier aging. However, results supporting such effects vary across studies. Our aim was to synthesize existing evidence on the effect of different modalities and durations of physical exercise on TL.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the needs and expectations of individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists for the use of a virtual reality physical activity platform in a community organization.

Methods: We performed an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Data sources included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of physical exercise on TL.

Results: Our literature search retrieved 12 eligible systematic reviews, 5 of which included meta-analyses. We identified 22 distinct primary studies to estimate the overall effect size of physical exercise on TL. The overall effect size was 0.28 (95% CI 0.118-0.439), with a heterogeneity test value Q of 43.08 (P=.003) and I² coefficient of 51%. The number of weeks of intervention explained part of this heterogeneity (Q_B=8.25; P=.004), with higher effect sizes found in studies with an intervention of less than 30 weeks. Exercise modality explained additional heterogeneity within this subgroup (Q_B=10.28, P=.02). The effect sizes were small for aerobic exercise and endurance training, and moderate for high-intensity interval training.

Conclusions: Our umbrella review and meta-analysis detected a small-moderate positive effect of physical exercise on TL, which seems to be influenced by the duration and type of physical exercise. High quality studies looking into the impact of standardized, evidence-based physical exercise programs on TL are still warranted.

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体育锻炼对端粒长度的影响：综述和荟萃分析。

背景：端粒长度（TL）是细胞健康和衰老的标志。体育锻炼与更长的端粒有关，因此，更健康的衰老。然而，支持这种影响的结果在不同的研究中有所不同。我们的目的是综合现有的证据，证明不同的体育锻炼方式和持续时间对运动能力的影响。目的：本研究的目的是探讨残疾人及其干预者在社区组织中使用虚拟现实体育活动平台的需求和期望。方法：我们进行了一项综合综述和荟萃分析。数据来源包括PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和Scopus。我们选取了评价体育锻炼对腰背痛影响的随机和非随机对照临床试验的系统综述和荟萃分析。结果：我们检索了12篇符合条件的系统综述，其中5篇包括荟萃分析。我们确定了22个不同的初步研究来估计体育锻炼对TL的总体效应大小。总体效应大小为0.28 (95% CI 0.118-0.439)，异质性检验值Q为43.08 (P= 0.003)， I²系数为51%。干预周数解释了这种异质性的部分原因(Q_B=8.25；P= 0.004)，在干预少于30周的研究中发现了更高的效应值。运动方式解释了该亚组中额外的异质性（Q_B=10.28， P= 0.02）。有氧运动和耐力训练的效应量较小，高强度间歇训练的效应量中等。结论：我们的综合回顾和荟萃分析发现，体育锻炼对TL有中小程度的积极影响，这似乎受到体育锻炼持续时间和类型的影响。高质量的研究着眼于标准化的、基于证据的体育锻炼项目对TL的影响仍然是必要的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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