Dose-Dependent Hepatorenal Damage Induced by Erythrosine: A Study of Biochemical, Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Histopathological Effects in Wistar Rats

IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q3 TOXICOLOGY
Mandeep Singh, Pooja Chadha
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Abstract

This study aimed to provide insights into the hepatorenal toxicity induced by erythrosine, a synthetic red dye commonly used in food and pharmaceuticals, which has raised concerns over its potential health risks. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6). The first group was the control group and the other group received one of three doses of erythrosine based on acceptable daily intake (¼ ADI, ½ ADI, and ADI, 0.1 mg/kg body weight). This study examined biological activity via biochemical enzyme analysis, oxidative stress indices, DNA damage, and histopathology. Compared with the control group, erythrosine administration increased the serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein, urea, creatinine, and uric acid at the highest erythrosine dose. The catalase and the superoxide dismutase activity decreased in both tissues at the highest dose. The glutathione-S-transferase activity increased at the ¼ ADI dose and decreased at higher doses in both tissues. In contrast, acetylcholinesterase activity was greater in erythrosine-treated rats than in control rats. Oxidative stress indices indicated increased lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide content, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. The comet assay was used to assess DNA damage, revealing significant damage in the erythrosine-treated groups. Histopathological examination revealed necrotic and degenerative changes in the liver and kidney tissues. The findings underscore dose-dependent hepatorenal toxicity and highlight the novelty of demonstrating a comprehensive link between erythrosine exposure, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. These results emphasize the need for cautious evaluation of synthetic dye consumption due to potential health risks.

红素所致剂量依赖性肝肾损害:Wistar大鼠生化、氧化应激、DNA损伤和组织病理学影响的研究
红素是一种合成红色染料,常用于食品和药品中,它引起了人们对其潜在健康风险的担忧,本研究旨在深入了解红素引起的肝肾毒性。24只大鼠随机分为4组(n = 6)。第一组为对照组,另一组根据可接受的每日摄入量(¼ADI,½ADI和0.1 mg/kg体重ADI)接受三种剂量中的一种。本研究通过生化酶分析、氧化应激指标、DNA损伤和组织病理学检测其生物活性。与对照组比较,红霉素最高剂量组血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、总蛋白、尿素、肌酐、尿酸均升高。在最高剂量下,两种组织过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性均下降。两种组织的谷胱甘肽- s -转移酶活性在¼ADI剂量时升高,在更高剂量时降低。相比之下,红血素处理大鼠的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性高于对照大鼠。氧化应激指标显示脂质过氧化、过氧化氢含量和乳酸脱氢酶活性增加。彗星试验用于评估DNA损伤,揭示了红素治疗组的显著损伤。组织病理学检查显示肝脏和肾脏组织坏死和退行性改变。该研究结果强调了剂量依赖性肝肾毒性,并强调了证明红细胞暴露、氧化应激和DNA损伤之间全面联系的新颖性。这些结果强调,由于潜在的健康风险,需要谨慎评估合成染料的消费。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
6.10%
发文量
145
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Applied Toxicology publishes peer-reviewed original reviews and hypothesis-driven research articles on mechanistic, fundamental and applied research relating to the toxicity of drugs and chemicals at the molecular, cellular, tissue, target organ and whole body level in vivo (by all relevant routes of exposure) and in vitro / ex vivo. All aspects of toxicology are covered (including but not limited to nanotoxicology, genomics and proteomics, teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, reproductive and endocrine toxicology, toxicopathology, target organ toxicity, systems toxicity (eg immunotoxicity), neurobehavioral toxicology, mechanistic studies, biochemical and molecular toxicology, novel biomarkers, pharmacokinetics/PBPK, risk assessment and environmental health studies) and emphasis is given to papers of clear application to human health, and/or advance mechanistic understanding and/or provide significant contributions and impact to their field.
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