Similarities in socioeconomic disparities and inequalities in women's nutritional status and health care in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, and Nigeria.

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Global Health Action Pub Date : 2024-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI:10.1080/16549716.2024.2439165

Tina G Sanghvi, Edward A Frongillo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Reducing inequalities in women's nutrition and health care can accelerate progress towards Sustainable Development Goals for maternal and child health. Nutrition interventions for women are delivered through maternal health services such as antenatal care and institutional deliveries, but whether they reach and protect the disadvantaged against malnutrition is not well documented.

Objective: To assess the similarities in socioeconomic disparities and inequalities in the nutritional status and health care of women.

Methods: We analyzed nationally representative data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, and Nigeria to calculate Erreygers index. This index measures the inequality in outcomes across socioeconomic spectrums. We investigated inequalities in low and high body mass index (BMI), anaemia, iron and folic acid supplementation, four or more antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries, and access to health services.

Results: Anaemia (-0.068 to -0.123), low BMI (-0.088 to -0.139), perceived distance to health services (-0.219 to -0.406), and needing permission to visit health facilities (-0.062 to -0.147) were concentrated among the less well-off, as shown by negative values. Iron and folic acid supplementation (0.043 to 0.230), antenatal care visits (0.260 to 0.495), and institutional deliveries (0.168 to 0.573) favored the better-off, as shown by positive values. Inequalities in urban vs. rural areas differed by indicator and country.

Conclusions: Nutritional status and health care inequalities among women followed patterns of socioeconomic disparities. Inequalities in nutritional status favored the better-off and educated women, and inequalities favoring the better-off were even greater for health care across countries.

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孟加拉国、埃塞俄比亚、印度和尼日利亚在社会经济差异和妇女营养状况和保健方面的不平等方面的相似之处。

背景：减少妇女营养和保健方面的不平等现象可以加速实现关于妇幼保健的可持续发展目标。妇女的营养干预措施是通过产前保健和机构分娩等孕产妇保健服务提供的，但这些干预措施是否能惠及弱势群体并保护他们免受营养不良的影响，并没有很好的记录。目的：评估妇女在社会经济差异和营养状况和保健方面的不平等方面的相似性。方法：我们分析了在孟加拉国、埃塞俄比亚、印度和尼日利亚进行的人口与健康调查（DHS）中具有全国代表性的数据，以计算Erreygers指数。该指数衡量的是不同社会经济阶层的不平等。我们调查了低和高体重指数（BMI）、贫血、铁和叶酸补充、四次或更多的产前保健就诊、机构分娩和获得卫生服务的不平等。结果：贫血（-0.068 ~ -0.123）、低BMI（-0.088 ~ -0.139）、感知到卫生服务距离（-0.219 ~ -0.406）和需要获得许可才能访问卫生设施（-0.062 ~ -0.147）集中在较不富裕人群中，呈负值。铁和叶酸的补充（0.043至0.230），产前检查（0.260至0.495）和机构分娩（0.168至0.573）有利于较富裕的人，显示为正值。城市与农村地区的不平等因指标和国家而异。结论：妇女的营养状况和保健不平等遵循社会经济差异的模式。营养状况上的不平等有利于富裕和受过教育的妇女，而各国在医疗保健方面的不平等更有利于富裕妇女。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Global Health Action PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

3.80%

发文量

108

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Global Health Action is an international peer-reviewed Open Access journal affiliated with the Unit of Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine at Umeå University, Sweden. The Unit hosts the Umeå International School of Public Health and the Umeå Centre for Global Health Research. Vision: Our vision is to be a leading journal in the global health field, narrowing health information gaps and contributing to the implementation of policies and actions that lead to improved global health. Aim: The widening gap between the winners and losers of globalisation presents major public health challenges. To meet these challenges, it is crucial to generate new knowledge and evidence in the field and in settings where the evidence is lacking, as well as to bridge the gaps between existing knowledge and implementation of relevant findings. Thus, the aim of Global Health Action is to contribute to fuelling a more concrete, hands-on approach to addressing global health challenges. Manuscripts suggesting strategies for practical interventions and research implementations where none already exist are specifically welcomed. Further, the journal encourages articles from low- and middle-income countries, while also welcoming articles originated from South-South and South-North collaborations. All articles are expected to address a global agenda and include a strong implementation or policy component.