{"title":"Changes in Retinal Oxygen Saturation 1 Month After Femtosecond LASIK Treatment in Chinese Adults with Myopia.","authors":"Xiaoqi Ma, Shanshan Ge, Xinwei Yang, Yuehua Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01091-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to compare changes in retinal oxygen saturation 1 month after femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) in Chinese adults with myopia using retinal oximetry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, observational, single-center cohort study, Chinese adults aged 18-45 years with myopia were categorized into four groups according to spherical equivalent (SE), with 66 eyes characterized as low myopia (LM -3.00D < SE ≤ -0.50D), 68 eyes as moderate myopia (MM -6.00D < SE ≤ -3.00D), 68 eyes as high myopia (HM -9.00D < SE ≤ -6.00D), and 65 eyes as super-high myopia (SHM: SE ≤ -9.00D). The following were measured before and 1 month after FS-LASIK: SE, intraocular pressure (IOP), average keratometry (Km), and axial length (AL). Other ocular biological parameters included retinal arterial oxygen saturation (SaO<sub>2</sub>) and retinal venous oxygen saturation (SvO<sub>2</sub>); parameter difference values are expressed as ∆.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 267 participants, 63.30% were female and 36.70% were male. The mean SE, AL, SaO<sub>2</sub>, and SvO<sub>2</sub> were -5.93 ± 3.24 D, 26.01 ± 1.35 mm, 93.49% ± 1.67%, and 62.97% ± 4.52%, respectively. Before FS-LASIK, SaO<sub>2</sub> was significantly correlated with AL and SE (r<sub>s</sub> = -0.305, P < 0.001; r<sub>s</sub> = 0.385, P < 0.001). Significant differences were found in SaO<sub>2</sub> across myopia categories (P < 0.001). The changes in the retinal arterial oxygen saturation decreased significantly after FS-LASIK (F = 24.948, P < 0.001). After surgery, SaO<sub>2</sub> demonstrated a statistically significant but weak negative relationship with refractive correction (ΔSE) (r<sub>s</sub> = -0.380, P < 0.001) and axial length (r<sub>s</sub> = -0.404, P < 0.001), a significant but weak positive correlation with average keratometry cutting value (ΔKm) (r<sub>s</sub> = 0.354, P < 0.001), and no correlation with the change in IOP (ΔIOP) (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ruling out the influence of refractive error, SaO<sub>2</sub> was significantly decreased 1 month after FS-LASIK, while there was no significant change in SvO<sub>2</sub>. We conjecture that retinal amplification may affect differences in retinal oxygen saturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-024-01091-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPHTHALMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to compare changes in retinal oxygen saturation 1 month after femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) in Chinese adults with myopia using retinal oximetry.
Methods: In this prospective, observational, single-center cohort study, Chinese adults aged 18-45 years with myopia were categorized into four groups according to spherical equivalent (SE), with 66 eyes characterized as low myopia (LM -3.00D < SE ≤ -0.50D), 68 eyes as moderate myopia (MM -6.00D < SE ≤ -3.00D), 68 eyes as high myopia (HM -9.00D < SE ≤ -6.00D), and 65 eyes as super-high myopia (SHM: SE ≤ -9.00D). The following were measured before and 1 month after FS-LASIK: SE, intraocular pressure (IOP), average keratometry (Km), and axial length (AL). Other ocular biological parameters included retinal arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and retinal venous oxygen saturation (SvO2); parameter difference values are expressed as ∆.
Results: Of the 267 participants, 63.30% were female and 36.70% were male. The mean SE, AL, SaO2, and SvO2 were -5.93 ± 3.24 D, 26.01 ± 1.35 mm, 93.49% ± 1.67%, and 62.97% ± 4.52%, respectively. Before FS-LASIK, SaO2 was significantly correlated with AL and SE (rs = -0.305, P < 0.001; rs = 0.385, P < 0.001). Significant differences were found in SaO2 across myopia categories (P < 0.001). The changes in the retinal arterial oxygen saturation decreased significantly after FS-LASIK (F = 24.948, P < 0.001). After surgery, SaO2 demonstrated a statistically significant but weak negative relationship with refractive correction (ΔSE) (rs = -0.380, P < 0.001) and axial length (rs = -0.404, P < 0.001), a significant but weak positive correlation with average keratometry cutting value (ΔKm) (rs = 0.354, P < 0.001), and no correlation with the change in IOP (ΔIOP) (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Ruling out the influence of refractive error, SaO2 was significantly decreased 1 month after FS-LASIK, while there was no significant change in SvO2. We conjecture that retinal amplification may affect differences in retinal oxygen saturation.
摘要：本研究旨在比较飞秒辅助激光原位角膜磨砂术（FS-LASIK）后1个月视网膜氧饱和度的变化。方法：在这项前瞻性、观察性、单中心队列研究中，根据球形当量（SE）将中国18-45岁近视成人分为4组，66只眼为低近视（LM -3.00 d2）和视网膜静脉氧饱和度（SvO2）；参数差值以∆表示。结果：267名参与者中，女性占63.30%，男性占36.70%。SE、AL、SaO2、SvO2的平均值分别为-5.93±3.24 D、26.01±1.35 mm、93.49%±1.67%、62.97%±4.52%。FS-LASIK术前，SaO2与AL、SE呈显著相关(rs = -0.305, P s = 0.385，不同近视类型的P 2差异有统计学意义（P 2与屈光矫正呈微弱负相关（ΔSE）， rs = -0.380, P s = -0.404, P s = 0.354, P 0.05）。结论：排除屈光不正的影响，FS-LASIK术后1个月SaO2明显降低，SvO2无明显变化。我们推测视网膜放大可能影响视网膜氧饱和度的差异。
期刊介绍：
Aims and Scope
Ophthalmology and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed (single-blind), and rapid publication journal. The scope of the journal is broad and will consider all scientifically sound research from preclinical, clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the use of ophthalmological therapies, devices, and surgical techniques.
The journal is of interest to a broad audience of pharmaceutical and healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, case reports/series, trial protocols and short communications such as commentaries and editorials. Ophthalmology and Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an international and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of quality research, which may be considered of insufficient interest by other journals.
Rapid Publication
The journal’s publication timelines aim for a rapid peer review of 2 weeks. If an article is accepted it will be published 3–4 weeks from acceptance. The rapid timelines are achieved through the combination of a dedicated in-house editorial team, who manage article workflow, and an extensive Editorial and Advisory Board who assist with peer review. This allows the journal to support the rapid dissemination of research, whilst still providing robust peer review. Combined with the journal’s open access model this allows for the rapid, efficient communication of the latest research and reviews, fostering the advancement of ophthalmic therapies.
Open Access
All articles published by Ophthalmology and Therapy are open access.
Personal Service
The journal’s dedicated in-house editorial team offer a personal “concierge service” meaning authors will always have an editorial contact able to update them on the status of their manuscript. The editorial team check all manuscripts to ensure that articles conform to the most recent COPE, GPP and ICMJE publishing guidelines. This supports the publication of ethically sound and transparent research.
Digital Features and Plain Language Summaries
Ophthalmology and Therapy offers a range of additional features designed to increase the visibility, readership and educational value of the journal’s content. Each article is accompanied by key summary points, giving a time-efficient overview of the content to a wide readership. Articles may be accompanied by plain language summaries to assist readers who have some knowledge of, but not in-depth expertise in, the area to understand the scientific content and overall implications of the article. The journal also provides the option to include various types of digital features including animated abstracts, video abstracts, slide decks, audio slides, instructional videos, infographics, podcasts and animations. All additional features are peer reviewed to the same high standard as the article itself. If you consider that your paper would benefit from the inclusion of a digital feature, please let us know. Our editorial team are able to create high-quality slide decks and infographics in-house, and video abstracts through our partner Research Square, and would be happy to assist in any way we can. For further information about digital features, please contact the journal editor (see ‘Contact the Journal’ for email address), and see the ‘Guidelines for digital features and plain language summaries’ document under ‘Submission guidelines’.
For examples of digital features please visit our showcase page https://springerhealthcare.com/expertise/publishing-digital-features/
Publication Fees
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be required to pay the mandatory Rapid Service Fee of €5250/$6000/£4300. The journal will consider fee discounts and waivers for developing countries and this is decided on a case by case basis.
Peer Review Process
Upon submission, manuscripts are assessed by the editorial team to ensure they fit within the aims and scope of the journal and are also checked for plagiarism. All suitable submissions are then subject to a comprehensive single-blind peer review. Reviewers are selected based on their relevant expertise and publication history in the subject area. The journal has an extensive pool of editorial and advisory board members who have been selected to assist with peer review based on the afore-mentioned criteria.
At least two extensive reviews are required to make the editorial decision, with the exception of some article types such as Commentaries, Editorials, and Letters which are generally reviewed by one member of the Editorial Board. Where reviewer recommendations are conflicted, the editorial board will be contacted for further advice and a presiding decision. Manuscripts are then either accepted, rejected or authors are required to make major or minor revisions (both reviewer comments and editorial comments may need to be addressed). Once a revised manuscript is re-submitted, it is assessed along with the responses to reviewer comments and if it has been adequately revised it will be accepted for publication. Accepted manuscripts are then copyedited and typeset by the production team before online publication. Appeals against decisions following peer review are considered on a case-by-case basis and should be sent to the journal editor.
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We encourage posting of preprints of primary research manuscripts on preprint servers, authors’ or institutional websites, and open communications between researchers whether on community preprint servers or preprint commenting platforms. Posting of preprints is not considered prior publication and will not jeopardize consideration in our journals. Authors should disclose details of preprint posting during the submission process or at any other point during consideration in one of our journals. Once the manuscript is published, it is the author’s responsibility to ensure that the preprint record is updated with a publication reference, including the DOI and a URL link to the published version of the article on the journal website.
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For more information about the journal, including pre-submission enquiries, please contact christopher.vautrinot@springer.com.
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